Linux/UNIX仅查看配置文件指令(配置文件的未注释行)
时间:2020-01-09 10:43:39 来源:igfitidea点击:
大多数Linux和类似UNIX的系统配置文件都是使用注释记录的,但是有些时候我只需要在配置文件中查看配置文本行即可。如何仅查看来自squid.conf或者httpd.conf文件的未注释的配置文件指令?如何在Linux或者类似Unix的系统上去除注释和空白行?要仅查看配置文件中未注释的文本行使用grep,sed,awk,perl或者UNIX/BSD/OS X/Linux操作系统提供的任何其他文本处理实用程序。
grep命令示例以删除命令
您可以使用gerp命令,如下所示:
$ grep -v "^#" /path/to/config/file $ grep -v "^#" /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
输出示例:
ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"
LockFile /var/lock/apache2/accept.lock
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}
Timeout 300
KeepAlive On
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
KeepAliveTimeout 15
<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
StartServers 5
MinSpareServers 5
MaxSpareServers 10
MaxClients 150
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
<IfModule mpm_worker_module>
StartServers 2
MinSpareThreads 25
MaxSpareThreads 75
ThreadLimit 64
ThreadsPerChild 25
MaxClients 150
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
<IfModule mpm_event_module>
StartServers 2
MaxClients 150
MinSpareThreads 25
MaxSpareThreads 75
ThreadLimit 64
ThreadsPerChild 25
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}
AccessFileName .htaccess
<Files ~ "^\.ht">
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
Satisfy all
</Files>
DefaultType text/plain
HostnameLookups Off
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log
LogLevel warn
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf
Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
Include /etc/apache2/ports.conf
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log vhost_combined
Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/
Include /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/
要抑制空白行,请使用egrep命令,运行:
egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
## or pass it to the page such as more or less ##
egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/apache2/apache2.conf | less
## Bash function ######################################
## or create function or alias and use it as follows ##
## viewconfig /etc/squid/squid.conf ##
#######################################################
viewconfig(){
local f=""
[ -f "" ] && command egrep -v "^#|^$" "$f" || echo "Error file not found."
}
输出示例:
Unix/Linux Egrep注释掉空白行
了解grep/egrep命令行选项
-v选项可以反转匹配的含义,以选择不匹配的行。
此选项应在所有基于posix的系统上工作。
正则表达式^ $匹配并删除所有空白行,而^^#匹配并删除所有以#开头的注释。
sed命令示例
GNU/sed命令可以如下使用:
$ sed '/ *#/d; /^ *$/d' /path/to/file $ sed '/ *#/d; /^ *$/d' /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
GNU或者BSD sed也可以更新您的配置文件。
语法如下,以就地编辑文件,以指定扩展名(例如.bak)保存备份:
sed -i'.bak.2014.12.27' '/ *#/d; /^ *$/d' /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

