java 访问 JAR 资源
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Accessing JAR resources
提问by Pablo Fernandez
I have a jarfile with resources (mainly configuration for caches, logging, etc) that I want to distribute.
我有一个jar包含要分发的资源（主要是缓存、日志记录等配置）的文件。
I'm having a problem with the relative paths for those resources, so I did what I've found in another stackoverflow question, which said that this was a valid way:
我对这些资源的相对路径有问题，所以我做了我在另一个 stackoverflow 问题中发现的问题，它说这是一种有效的方法：
ClassInTheSamePackageOfTheResource.class.getResourceAsStream('resource.xml');
Sadly this does not work.
可悲的是，这不起作用。
Any ideas? Thanks!
有任何想法吗？谢谢！
PS: Obviously I cannot use absolute paths, and I'd like to avoid environment variables if possible
PS：显然我不能使用绝对路径，如果可能的话我想避免环境变量
回答by Marcus Adams
Make sure that your resource folder is listed as a source folder in your project settings. Also, make sure that the resource folder is set to export when you build your jar.
确保您的资源文件夹在您的项目设置中列为源文件夹。此外，请确保在构建 jar 时将资源文件夹设置为导出。
You can add a .zip extension to your jar file then open it up to ensure that your resources are included and at the expected location.
您可以向 jar 文件添加 .zip 扩展名，然后将其打开以确保包含您的资源并位于预期位置。
I always use absolute paths like this:
我总是使用这样的绝对路径：
InputStream input = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/image.gif");
When you use absolute paths, "/" is the root folder in the jar file, not the root folder of the host machine.
使用绝对路径时，“/”是jar文件中的根文件夹，不是宿主机的根文件夹。
回答by trashgod
I always have to puzzle through getResourceAsStreamto make this work. If "resource.xml" is in org/pablo/opus, I thinkyou want this:
我总是不得不费解getResourceAsStream才能完成这项工作。如果“resource.xml”在org/pablo/opus，我想你想要这个：
Name.class.getResourceAsStream("org.pablo.opus.resource.xml");
回答by Seffi
where the resource.xml found? If in the root of the source tree, try to prefix it with /.
在哪里找到resource.xml？如果在源代码树的根目录中，请尝试使用 / 作为前缀。
回答by Jason Nichols
I usually store files and other resources and then retrieve them as URLs:
我通常存储文件和其他资源，然后将它们作为 URL 检索：
URL url = MyClass.class.getResource("/design/someResource.png");
Within a static context, or otherwise:
在静态上下文中，或以其他方式：
URL url = getClass().getResource("/design/someResource.png");
From an instance.
从一个实例。
The above snippets assume that design is a top level folder within the jar. In general, if the path begins with a "/" it assumes an absolute path, otherwise it's relative from the class location.
上面的代码片段假设 design 是 jar 中的顶级文件夹。通常，如果路径以“/”开头，则它假定为绝对路径，否则它是相对于类位置的。
