更新 python 字典（向现有键添加另一个值）
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Update python dictionary (add another value to existing key)
提问by jundymek
I have simple dictionary with key, value:
我有一个带键值的简单字典：
d = {'word': 1, 'word1': 2}
I need to add another value (to make a list from values):
我需要添加另一个值（从值中创建一个列表）：
d = {'word': [1, 'something'], 'word1': [2, 'something1']}
I can't deal with it. Any clues?
我无法处理。有什么线索吗？
回答by Willem Van Onsem
Well you can simply use:
那么你可以简单地使用：
d['word'] = [1,'something']
Or in case the 1needs to be fetched:
或者如果1需要获取：
d['word'] = [d['word'],'something']
Finally say you want to update a sequence of keys with new values, like:
最后说你想用新值更新一系列键，比如：
to_add = {'word': 'something', 'word1': 'something1'}
you could use:
你可以使用：
for key,val in to_add.items():
if key in d:
d[key] = [d[key],val]
回答by u1860929
You could write a function to do this for you:
您可以编写一个函数来为您执行此操作：
>>> d = {'word': 1, 'word1': 2}
>>> def set_key(dictionary, key, value):
... if key not in dictionary:
... dictionary[key] = value
... elif type(dictionary[key]) == list:
... dictionary[key].append(value)
... else:
... dictionary[key] = [dictionary[key], value]
...
>>> set_key(d, 'word', 2)
>>> set_key(d, 'word', 3)
>>> d
{'word1': 2, 'word': [1, 2, 3]}
Alternatively, as @Dan pointed out, you can use a list to save the data initially. A Pythonic way if doing this is you can define a custom defaultdict which would add the data to a list directly:
或者，正如@Dan 指出的那样，您可以使用列表来最初保存数据。如果这样做，Pythonic 的方法是您可以定义一个自定义 defaultdict，它将数据直接添加到列表中：
>>> from collections import defaultdict
>>> d = defaultdict(list)
>>> d[1].append(2)
>>> d[2].append(2)
>>> d[2].append(3)
>>> d
defaultdict(<type 'list'>, {1: [2], 2: [2, 3]})
回答by Dan
It will be easiest if you always use lists, even when you just have a single value. It will just be a list of length 1.
如果您始终使用列表，那将是最简单的，即使您只有一个值。它只是一个长度为 1 的列表。
>>> d = {'a': [1], 'b': [2]}
>>> d
{'a': [1], 'b': [2]}
>>>
>>> d['a'].append(5)
>>> d
{'a': [1, 5], 'b': [2]}
回答by Mario
You can create your dictionary assigning a list to each key
您可以创建字典，为每个键分配一个列表
d = {'word': [1], 'word1': [2]}
and then use the following synthases to add any value to an existing key or to add a new pair of key-value:
然后使用以下合成酶向现有键添加任何值或添加新的键值对：
d.setdefault(@key,[]).append(@newvalue)
For your example will be something like this:
对于您的示例将是这样的：
d = {'word': [1], 'word1': [2]}
d.setdefault('word',[]).append('something')
d.setdefault('word1',[]).append('something1')
d.setdefault('word2',[]).append('something2')
print(d)
{'word': [1, 'something'], 'word1': [2, 'something1'], 'word2': ['something2']}
回答by jundymek
Thanks for help. I did it that way (thanks to Willem Van Onsem advice):
感谢帮助。我是这样做的（感谢 Willem Van Onsem 的建议）：
x = (dict(Counter(tags))) #my dictionary
for i in x:
color = "#%06x" % random.randint(0, 0xFFFFFF)
x[i] = [x[i], color]
回答by user11109376
This is what I would do. I hope it helps. If you have a lot of items to add to your dictionary this may not be the fastest route.
这就是我要做的。我希望它有帮助。如果您有很多项目要添加到字典中，这可能不是最快的路线。
d = {'word':1, 'word1':2}
d['word']=[1, 'something']
d['word1']=[2, 'something1']
print(d)
{'word': [1, 'something'], 'word1': [2, 'something1']}
回答by Abhijit
you could try the below:
你可以试试下面的：
d['word'] = [1, 'something']
d['word'] = [1, 'something']
d['word1'] = [2, 'something']
d['word1'] = [2, 'something']
call dnow
d现在打电话
Hope this helps!
希望这可以帮助！
