node.js 哈希字符串？
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node.js hash string?
提问by Harry
I have a string that I want to hash. What's the easiest way to generate the hash in node.js?
我有一个要散列的字符串。在 node.js 中生成哈希的最简单方法是什么？
The hash is for versioning, not security.
散列用于版本控制，而不是安全性。
采纳答案by dertkw
Take a look at crypto.createHash(algorithm)
看看crypto.createHash(algorithm)
var filename = process.argv[2];
var crypto = require('crypto');
var fs = require('fs');
var md5sum = crypto.createHash('md5');
var s = fs.ReadStream(filename);
s.on('data', function(d) {
md5sum.update(d);
});
s.on('end', function() {
var d = md5sum.digest('hex');
console.log(d + ' ' + filename);
});
回答by braitsch
If you just want to md5 hash a simple string I found this works for me.
如果你只是想 md5 散列一个简单的字符串，我发现这对我有用。
var crypto = require('crypto');
var name = 'braitsch';
var hash = crypto.createHash('md5').update(name).digest('hex');
console.log(hash); // 9b74c9897bac770ffc029102a200c5de
回答by pvorb
Node's crypto module API is still unstable.
Node 的加密模块 API 仍然不稳定。
As of version 4.0.0, the native Crypto module is not unstable anymore. From the official documentation:
从 4.0.0 版本开始，原生 Crypto 模块不再不稳定。从官方文档：
Crypto
Stability: 2 - Stable
The API has proven satisfactory. Compatibility with the npm ecosystem is a high priority, and will not be broken unless absolutely necessary.
加密
稳定性：2 - 稳定
API 已被证明是令人满意的。与 npm 生态系统的兼容性是重中之重，除非绝对必要，否则不会被破坏。
So, it should be considered safe to use the native implementation, without external dependencies.
因此，应该认为使用本机实现是安全的，没有外部依赖。
For reference, the modules mentioned bellow were suggested as alternative solutions when the Crypto module was still unstable.
作为参考，当 Crypto 模块仍然不稳定时，建议将下面提到的模块作为替代解决方案。
You could also use one of the modules sha1or md5which both do the job.
$ npm install sha1
and then
进而
var sha1 = require('sha1');
var hash = sha1("my message");
console.log(hash); // 104ab42f1193c336aa2cf08a2c946d5c6fd0fcdb
or
或者
$ npm install md5
and then
进而
var md5 = require('md5');
var hash = md5("my message");
console.log(hash); // 8ba6c19dc1def5702ff5acbf2aeea5aa
(MD5 is insecure but often used by services like Gravatar.)
（MD5 不安全，但经常被 Gravatar 等服务使用。）
The API of these modules won't change!
这些模块的 API 不会改变！
回答by A-312
sha256("string or binary");
I experienced issue with other answer. I advice you to set encoding argument to binaryto use the byte string and prevent different hash between Javascript (NodeJS) and other langage/service like Python, PHP, Github...
我遇到了其他答案的问题。我建议您将编码参数设置binary为使用字节字符串并防止 Javascript (NodeJS) 和其他语言/服务（如 Python、PHP、Github...
If you don't use this code, you can get a different hash between NodeJS and Python...
如果不使用此代码，则可以在 NodeJS 和 Python 之间获得不同的哈希值...
How to get the same hash that Python, PHP, Perl, Github (and prevent an issue) :
如何获得与 Python、PHP、Perl、Github 相同的哈希值（并防止出现问题）：
NodeJS is hashing the UTF-8 representation of the string. Other languages (like Python, PHP or PERL...) are hashing the byte string.
NodeJS 正在对字符串的 UTF-8 表示进行哈希处理。其他语言（如 Python、PHP 或 PERL...）正在对字节字符串进行哈希处理。
We can add binaryargument to use the byte string.
我们可以添加二进制参数来使用字节字符串。
Code :
代码 ：
const crypto = require("crypto");
function sha256(data) {
return crypto.createHash("sha256").update(data, "binary").digest("base64");
// ------ binary: hash the byte string
}
sha256("string or binary");
Documentation:
文档：
- crypto.createHash(algorithm[, options]):The algorithm is dependent on the available algorithms supported by the version of OpenSSL on the platform.
- hash.digest([encoding]):The encoding can be 'hex', 'latin1' or 'base64'. (base 64 is less longer).
- crypto.createHash(algorithm[, options])：该算法取决于平台上 OpenSSL 版本支持的可用算法。
- hash.digest([encoding])：编码可以是'hex'、'latin1'或'base64'。（基数 64 较短）。
You can get the issue with : sha256("\xac"), "\xd1", "\xb9", "\xe2", "\xbb", "\x93", etc...
您可以通过以下方式解决问题：sha256("\xac")、"\xd1"、"\xb9"、"\xe2"、"\xbb"、"\x93" 等...
Other languages (like PHP, Python, Perl...) and my solution with
.update(data, "binary"):sha1("\xac") //39527c59247a39d18ad48b9947ea738396a3bc47Nodejs by default (without binary) :
sha1("\xac") //f50eb35d94f1d75480496e54f4b4a472a9148752
其他语言（如 PHP、Python、Perl...）和我的解决方案
.update(data, "binary")：sha1("\xac") //39527c59247a39d18ad48b9947ea738396a3bc47Nodejs 默认情况下（没有二进制）：
sha1("\xac") //f50eb35d94f1d75480496e54f4b4a472a9148752
回答by sdgfsdh
The cryptomodule makes this very easy.
该crypto模块使这非常容易。
Setup:
设置：
// import crypto from 'crypto';
const crypto = require('crypto');
const sha256 = x => crypto.createHash('sha256').update(x, 'utf8').digest('hex');
Usage:
用法：
sha256('Hello, world. ');
回答by user3077458
Here you can benchmark all supported hashes on your hardware, supported by your version of node.js. Some are cryptographic, and some is just for a checksum. Its calculating "Hello World" 1 million times for each algorithm. It may take around 1-15 seconds for each algorithm (Tested on the Standard Google Computing Engine with Node.js 4.2.2).
在这里，您可以对硬件上所有支持的哈希进行基准测试，这些哈希由您的 node.js 版本支持。有些是加密的，有些只是为了校验和。它为每个算法计算“Hello World”100 万次。每种算法可能需要大约 1-15 秒的时间（在使用 Node.js 4.2.2 的标准 Google 计算引擎上测试）。
for(var i1=0;i1<crypto.getHashes().length;i1++){
var Algh=crypto.getHashes()[i1];
console.time(Algh);
for(var i2=0;i2<1000000;i2++){
crypto.createHash(Algh).update("Hello World").digest("hex");
}
console.timeEnd(Algh);
}
Result:
DSA: 1992ms
DSA-SHA: 1960ms
DSA-SHA1: 2062ms
DSA-SHA1-old: 2124ms
RSA-MD4: 1893ms
RSA-MD5: 1982ms
RSA-MDC2: 2797ms
RSA-RIPEMD160: 2101ms
RSA-SHA: 1948ms
RSA-SHA1: 1908ms
RSA-SHA1-2: 2042ms
RSA-SHA224: 2176ms
RSA-SHA256: 2158ms
RSA-SHA384: 2290ms
RSA-SHA512: 2357ms
dsaEncryption: 1936ms
dsaWithSHA: 1910ms
dsaWithSHA1: 1926ms
dss1: 1928ms
ecdsa-with-SHA1: 1880ms
md4: 1833ms
md4WithRSAEncryption: 1925ms
md5: 1863ms
md5WithRSAEncryption: 1923ms
mdc2: 2729ms
mdc2WithRSA: 2890ms
ripemd: 2101ms
ripemd160: 2153ms
ripemd160WithRSA: 2210ms
rmd160: 2146ms
sha: 1929ms
sha1: 1880ms
sha1WithRSAEncryption: 1957ms
sha224: 2121ms
sha224WithRSAEncryption: 2290ms
sha256: 2134ms
sha256WithRSAEncryption: 2190ms
sha384: 2181ms
sha384WithRSAEncryption: 2343ms
sha512: 2371ms
sha512WithRSAEncryption: 2434ms
shaWithRSAEncryption: 1966ms
ssl2-md5: 1853ms
ssl3-md5: 1868ms
ssl3-sha1: 1971ms
whirlpool: 2578ms
结果：
DSA：1992ms
DSA-SHA：1960ms
DSA-SHA1：2062ms
DSA-SHA1岁：2124ms
RSA-MD4：1893ms
RSA-MD5：1982ms
RSA-MDC2：2797ms
RSA-RIPEMD160：2101ms
RSA-SHA：1948ms
RSA-SHA1 ：1908ms
RSA-SHA1-2：2042ms
RSA-SHA224：2176ms
RSA-SHA256：2158ms
RSA-SHA384：2290ms
RSA-SHA512：2357ms
dsaEncryption：1936ms
dsaWithSHA：1910ms
dsaWithSHA1：1926ms
DSS1：1928ms
ECDSA-与-SHA1：1880ms
MD4： 1833 毫秒
md4WithRSA 加密
：1925毫秒md5：1863
毫秒 md5WithRSA
加密：1923
毫秒 mdc2：2729毫秒mdc2WithRSA：2890 毫秒
RIPEMD：2101ms
RIPEMD160：2153ms
ripemd160WithRSA：2210ms
rmd160：2146ms
SHA：1929ms
SHA1：1880ms
sha1WithRSAEncryption：1957ms
SHA224：2121ms
sha224WithRSAEncryption：2290ms
SHA256：2134ms
sha256WithRSAEncryption：2190ms
SHA384：2181ms
sha384WithRSAEncryption：2343ms
SHA512：2371ms
sha512WithRSAEncryption：2434ms
shaWithRSAEncryption：1966ms
ssl2- md5：1853ms
ssl3-md5：1868ms
ssl3-sha1：1971ms
漩涡：2578ms
回答by chickens
Simple One Liners:
简单的一个衬垫：
If you want UTF8 text hash:
如果你想要 UTF8 文本哈希：
const hash = require('crypto').createHash('sha256').update('Hash me', 'utf8').digest('hex');
If you want to get the same hash with Python, PHP, Perl, Github:
如果你想用 Python、PHP、Perl、Github 获得相同的哈希：
const hash = require('crypto').createHash('sha256').update('Hash me', 'binary').digest('hex');
You can also replace 'sha256'with 'sha1', 'md5', 'sha256', 'sha512'
您也可以替换'sha256'为'sha1', 'md5', 'sha256','sha512'
回答by batomaeus
Considering the thoughts from http://www.thoughtcrime.org/blog/the-cryptographic-doom-principle/(in short: FIRST encrypt, THEN authenticate. Afterwards FIRST verify, THEN decrypt) I have implemented the following solution in node.js:
考虑到来自http://www.thoughtcrime.org/blog/the-cryptographic-doom-principle/的想法 （简而言之：首先加密，然后进行身份验证。然后首先验证，然后解密）我在节点中实现了以下解决方案。 js：
function encrypt(text,password){
var cipher = crypto.createCipher(algorithm,password)
var crypted = cipher.update(text,'utf8','hex')
crypted += cipher.final('hex');
return crypted;
}
function decrypt(text,password){
var decipher = crypto.createDecipher(algorithm,password)
var dec = decipher.update(text,'hex','utf8')
dec += decipher.final('utf8');
return dec;
}
function hashText(text){
var hash = crypto.createHash('md5').update(text).digest("hex");
//console.log(hash);
return hash;
}
function encryptThenAuthenticate(plainText,pw)
{
var encryptedText = encrypt(plainText,pw);
var hash = hashText(encryptedText);
return encryptedText+"$"+hash;
}
function VerifyThenDecrypt(encryptedAndAuthenticatedText,pw)
{
var encryptedAndHashArray = encryptedAndAuthenticatedText.split("$");
var encrypted = encryptedAndHashArray[0];
var hash = encryptedAndHashArray[1];
var hash2Compare = hashText(encrypted);
if (hash === hash2Compare)
{
return decrypt(encrypted,pw);
}
}
It can be tested with:
它可以通过以下方式进行测试：
var doom = encryptThenAuthenticate("The encrypted text",user.cryptoPassword);
console.log(VerifyThenDecrypt(doom,user.cryptoPassword));
Hope this helps :-)
希望这可以帮助 ：-）
回答by GreensterRox
I use blueimp-md5which is "Compatible with server-side environments like Node.js, module loaders like RequireJS, Browserify or webpack and all web browsers."
我使用blueimp-md5，它“与 Node.js 等服务器端环境、RequireJS、Browserify 或 webpack 等模块加载器以及所有 Web 浏览器兼容”。
Use it like this:
像这样使用它：
var md5 = require("blueimp-md5");
var myHashedString = createHash('GreensterRox');
createHash(myString){
return md5(myString);
}
If passing hashed values around in the open it's always a good idea to salt them so that it is harder for people to recreate them:
如果在公开场合传递散列值，最好将它们加盐，这样人们就更难重新创建它们：
createHash(myString){
var salt = 'HnasBzbxH9';
return md5(myString+salt);
}
回答by Phap
function md5(a) {
var r = 0,
c = "";
return h(a);
function h(t) {
return u(l(m(t)))
}
function l(t) {
return p(g(f(t), 8 * t.length))
}
function u(t) {
for (var e, i = r ? "0123456789ABCDEF" : "0123456789abcdef", n = "", o = 0; o < t.length; o++)
e = t.charCodeAt(o),
n += i.charAt(e >>> 4 & 15) + i.charAt(15 & e);
return n
}
function m(t) {
for (var e, i, n = "", o = -1; ++o < t.length;)
e = t.charCodeAt(o),
i = o + 1 < t.length ? t.charCodeAt(o + 1) : 0,
55296 <= e && e <= 56319 && 56320 <= i && i <= 57343 && (e = 65536 + ((1023 & e) << 10) + (1023 & i),
o++),
e <= 127 ? n += String.fromCharCode(e) : e <= 2047 ? n += String.fromCharCode(192 | e >>> 6 & 31, 128 | 63 & e) : e <= 65535 ? n += String.fromCharCode(224 | e >>> 12 & 15, 128 | e >>> 6 & 63, 128 | 63 & e) : e <= 2097151 && (n += String.fromCharCode(240 | e >>> 18 & 7, 128 | e >>> 12 & 63, 128 | e >>> 6 & 63, 128 | 63 & e));
return n
}
function f(t) {
for (var e = Array(t.length >> 2), i = 0; i < e.length; i++)
e[i] = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 8 * t.length; i += 8)
e[i >> 5] |= (255 & t.charCodeAt(i / 8)) << i % 32;
return e
}
function p(t) {
for (var e = "", i = 0; i < 32 * t.length; i += 8)
e += String.fromCharCode(t[i >> 5] >>> i % 32 & 255);
return e
}
function g(t, e) {
t[e >> 5] |= 128 << e % 32,
t[14 + (e + 64 >>> 9 << 4)] = e;
for (var i = 1732584193, n = -271733879, o = -1732584194, s = 271733878, a = 0; a < t.length; a += 16) {
var r = i,
c = n,
h = o,
l = s;
n = E(n = E(n = E(n = E(n = N(n = N(n = N(n = N(n = C(n = C(n = C(n = C(n = S(n = S(n = S(n = S(n, o = S(o, s = S(s, i = S(i, n, o, s, t[a + 0], 7, -680876936), n, o, t[a + 1], 12, -389564586), i, n, t[a + 2], 17, 606105819), s, i, t[a + 3], 22, -1044525330), o = S(o, s = S(s, i = S(i, n, o, s, t[a + 4], 7, -176418897), n, o, t[a + 5], 12, 1200080426), i, n, t[a + 6], 17, -1473231341), s, i, t[a + 7], 22, -45705983), o = S(o, s = S(s, i = S(i, n, o, s, t[a + 8], 7, 1770035416), n, o, t[a + 9], 12, -1958414417), i, n, t[a + 10], 17, -42063), s, i, t[a + 11], 22, -1990404162), o = S(o, s = S(s, i = S(i, n, o, s, t[a + 12], 7, 1804603682), n, o, t[a + 13], 12, -40341101), i, n, t[a + 14], 17, -1502002290), s, i, t[a + 15], 22, 1236535329), o = C(o, s = C(s, i = C(i, n, o, s, t[a + 1], 5, -165796510), n, o, t[a + 6], 9, -1069501632), i, n, t[a + 11], 14, 643717713), s, i, t[a + 0], 20, -373897302), o = C(o, s = C(s, i = C(i, n, o, s, t[a + 5], 5, -701558691), n, o, t[a + 10], 9, 38016083), i, n, t[a + 15], 14, -660478335), s, i, t[a + 4], 20, -405537848), o = C(o, s = C(s, i = C(i, n, o, s, t[a + 9], 5, 568446438), n, o, t[a + 14], 9, -1019803690), i, n, t[a + 3], 14, -187363961), s, i, t[a + 8], 20, 1163531501), o = C(o, s = C(s, i = C(i, n, o, s, t[a + 13], 5, -1444681467), n, o, t[a + 2], 9, -51403784), i, n, t[a + 7], 14, 1735328473), s, i, t[a + 12], 20, -1926607734), o = N(o, s = N(s, i = N(i, n, o, s, t[a + 5], 4, -378558), n, o, t[a + 8], 11, -2022574463), i, n, t[a + 11], 16, 1839030562), s, i, t[a + 14], 23, -35309556), o = N(o, s = N(s, i = N(i, n, o, s, t[a + 1], 4, -1530992060), n, o, t[a + 4], 11, 1272893353), i, n, t[a + 7], 16, -155497632), s, i, t[a + 10], 23, -1094730640), o = N(o, s = N(s, i = N(i, n, o, s, t[a + 13], 4, 681279174), n, o, t[a + 0], 11, -358537222), i, n, t[a + 3], 16, -722521979), s, i, t[a + 6], 23, 76029189), o = N(o, s = N(s, i = N(i, n, o, s, t[a + 9], 4, -640364487), n, o, t[a + 12], 11, -421815835), i, n, t[a + 15], 16, 530742520), s, i, t[a + 2], 23, -995338651), o = E(o, s = E(s, i = E(i, n, o, s, t[a + 0], 6, -198630844), n, o, t[a + 7], 10, 1126891415), i, n, t[a + 14], 15, -1416354905), s, i, t[a + 5], 21, -57434055), o = E(o, s = E(s, i = E(i, n, o, s, t[a + 12], 6, 1700485571), n, o, t[a + 3], 10, -1894986606), i, n, t[a + 10], 15, -1051523), s, i, t[a + 1], 21, -2054922799), o = E(o, s = E(s, i = E(i, n, o, s, t[a + 8], 6, 1873313359), n, o, t[a + 15], 10, -30611744), i, n, t[a + 6], 15, -1560198380), s, i, t[a + 13], 21, 1309151649), o = E(o, s = E(s, i = E(i, n, o, s, t[a + 4], 6, -145523070), n, o, t[a + 11], 10, -1120210379), i, n, t[a + 2], 15, 718787259), s, i, t[a + 9], 21, -343485551),
i = v(i, r),
n = v(n, c),
o = v(o, h),
s = v(s, l)
}
return [i, n, o, s]
}
function _(t, e, i, n, o, s) {
return v((a = v(v(e, t), v(n, s))) << (r = o) | a >>> 32 - r, i);
var a, r
}
function S(t, e, i, n, o, s, a) {
return _(e & i | ~e & n, t, e, o, s, a)
}
function C(t, e, i, n, o, s, a) {
return _(e & n | i & ~n, t, e, o, s, a)
}
function N(t, e, i, n, o, s, a) {
return _(e ^ i ^ n, t, e, o, s, a)
}
function E(t, e, i, n, o, s, a) {
return _(i ^ (e | ~n), t, e, o, s, a)
}
function v(t, e) {
var i = (65535 & t) + (65535 & e);
return (t >> 16) + (e >> 16) + (i >> 16) << 16 | 65535 & i
}
}
string = 'hello';
console.log(md5(string));
