Java 如何使 Spring 的 @Autowired 在 JUnit 5 扩展中工作?
声明:本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议,如果您需要使用它,必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可,注明原文地址和作者信息,同时你必须将它归于原作者(不是我):StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/51713975/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
How to make Spring's @Autowired to work in JUnit 5 extensions?
提问by Theemathas Chirananthavat
I have a Spring Boot application, and I am trying to use @Autowired
in a JUnit 5 extension. However, I cannot get it to work. (The @Autowired
field is null.) Can anybody help?
我有一个 Spring Boot 应用程序,我正在尝试@Autowired
在 JUnit 5 扩展中使用。但是,我无法让它工作。(该@Autowired
字段为空。)有人可以帮忙吗?
Below is code that demonstrates the problem I'm having (the important parts are SomeExtension
and SomeTest
. As written, mvn test
causes the test to fail in beforeEach
. Sorry if I'm including too much.
下面是演示我遇到的问题的代码(重要的部分是SomeExtension
和SomeTest
。正如所写的那样,mvn test
导致测试失败beforeEach
。对不起,如果我包含的太多了。
src/test/java/somepackage/SomeExtension.java:
src/test/java/somepackage/SomeExtension.java:
package somepackage;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.BeforeEachCallback;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtensionContext;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class SomeExtension implements BeforeEachCallback {
@Autowired
SomeBean bean;
@Override
public void beforeEach(ExtensionContext context) {
assertNotNull(bean);
}
}
src/test/java/somepackage/SomeTest.java:
src/test/java/somepackage/SomeTest.java:
package somepackage;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ExtendWith(SomeExtension.class)
class SomeTest {
@Test
void nothingTest() {
}
}
src/main/java/somepackage/SomeBean.java
src/main/java/somepackage/SomeBean.java
package somepackage;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class SomeBean {
}
src/main/java/somepackage/MainClass.java
src/main/java/somepackage/MainClass.java
package somepackage;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainClass.class, args);
}
}
pom.xml:
pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>fooGroupId</groupId>
<artifactId>barArtifactId</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<!-- Don't include Junit 4 -->
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<!--
This is copied from https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-build-maven
This allows the surefire plugin to be able to find Junit 5 tests, so `mvn test` works.
-->
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.21.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-surefire-provider</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-releases</id>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>spring-releases</id>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</project>
I'm also having similar issues with @Value
. If the solution also works for that, it would be great.
我也有类似的问题@Value
。如果解决方案也适用于此,那就太好了。
Thank you.
谢谢你。
回答by Nicolai
JUnit 5 extensionscan not operate on other extensions, just on test classes.
JUnit 5 扩展不能对其他扩展进行操作,只能对测试类进行操作。
So...
所以...
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class SomeExtension implements BeforeEachCallback {
@Autowired
SomeBean bean;
@Override
public void beforeEach(ExtensionContext context) {
assertNotNull(bean);
}
}
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ExtendWith(SomeExtension.class)
class SomeTest {
@Test
void nothingTest() {
}
}
... can not work. This would:
...不能工作。这个会:
public class SomeExtension implements BeforeEachCallback {
@Override
public void beforeEach(ExtensionContext context) {
// [...]
}
}
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ExtendWith(SomeExtension.class)
class SomeTest {
@Autowired
SomeBean bean;
@Test
void nothingTest() {
}
}
If you can explain why you need a bean in your extension, we may be able to help you find a fix for that, too.
如果您能解释为什么在您的扩展中需要一个 bean,我们也可以帮助您找到解决方法。