Python 使用 pip install Matplotlib 时出现内存错误
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/29466663/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
Memory error while using pip install Matplotlib
提问by nishanth anand
I am using Python 2.7, If i try to install Matplotlib I am getting this error if i use "pip install matplotlib"
我正在使用 Python 2.7，如果我尝试安装 Matplotlib，如果我使用“pip install matplotlib”，我会收到此错误
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 232, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 339, in run
requirement_set.prepare_files(finder)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 355, in prepare_files
do_download, session=self.session,
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 782, in unpack_url
session,
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 667, in unpack_http_url
from_path, content_type = _download_http_url(link, session, temp_dir)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 843, in _download_http_url
_download_url(resp, link, content_file)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 615, in _download_url
for chunk in progress_indicator(resp_read(4096), 4096):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/utils/ui.py", line 46, in iter
for x in it:
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 580, in resp_read
decode_content=False):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/response.py", line 256, in stream
data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/response.py", line 186, in read
data = self._fp.read(amt)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/filewrapper.py", line 54, in read
self.__callback(self.__buf.getvalue())
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/controller.py", line 205, in cache_response
self.serializer.dumps(request, response, body=body),
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/serialize.py", line 81, in dumps
).encode("utf8"),
MemoryError"
What might the problem be? I am using raspberry Pi 2 with a 16gb SD card. I still have 8gb data free but still getting this error. Kindly help
可能是什么问题？我正在使用带有 16GB SD 卡的树莓派 2。我仍然有 8GB 的免费数据，但仍然收到此错误。请帮忙
回答by Andrey Sobolev
It seems that you have insufficient RAM to build matplotlib from scratch. To overcome that, either turn on swap:
您似乎没有足够的 RAM 从头开始构建 matplotlib。要克服这个问题，请打开交换：
# create swap file of 512 MB
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=524288
# modify permissions
chown root:root /swapfile
chmod 0600 /swapfile
# setup swap area
mkswap /swapfile
# turn swap on
swapon /swapfile
Or, if you have raspbian installed on your SD card, you can install matplotlib from the repository:
或者，如果您在 SD 卡上安装了 raspbian，则可以从存储库安装 matplotlib：
apt-get install python-matplotlib
回答by David Wolever
This error is coming up because, it seems, pip's caching mechanism is trying to read the entire file into memory before caching it… which poses a problem in a limited-memory environment, as matplotlib is ~50mb.
出现此错误的原因似乎是 pip 的缓存机制试图在缓存之前将整个文件读入内存……这在内存有限的环境中造成了问题，因为 matplotlib 约为 50mb。
A simpler solution, until pip is patched to use a constant-space caching algorithm, is to run pipwith --no-cache-dirto avoid the cache:
一个简单的办法，直到PIP进行了修补，使用恒定的空间缓存算法，是运行pip与--no-cache-dir避免缓存：
$ pip --no-cache-dir install matplotlib
回答by MrKsn
--no-cache-dirdidn't work for me. I just closed all apps and only then I was able to finish installation.
--no-cache-dir对我不起作用。我刚刚关闭了所有应用程序，然后才能完成安装。
