C++ 如何在 Windows 上找到 Qt5 CMake 模块
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How to find the Qt5 CMake module on Windows
提问by dzada
I'm trying to make a very basic Qt5 application using CMake on Windows.
I used the documentation of Qt5 to use CMake, and my main.cppfile just contains a mainfunction.
我正在尝试在 Windows 上使用 CMake 制作一个非常基本的 Qt5 应用程序。我使用Qt5的文档来使用 CMake，我的main.cpp文件只包含一个main函数。
My CMakeLists.txtis exactly:
我CMakeLists.txt的正是：
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
project(testproject)
# Find includes in corresponding build directories
set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
# Instruct CMake to run moc automatically when needed.
set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)
# Find the QtWidgets library
find_package(Qt5Widgets)
# Tell CMake to create the helloworld executable
add_executable(helloworld hello.cpp)
# Use the Widgets module from Qt 5.
qt5_use_modules(helloworld Widgets)
When in MSysGit bash I enter
在 MSysGit bash 中时，我输入
$ cmake -G"Visual Studio 11"
I get this output:
我得到这个输出：
$ cmake -G"Visual Studio 11"
-- The C compiler identification is MSVC 17.0.60204.1
-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 17.0.60204.1
-- Check for working C compiler using: Visual Studio 11
-- Check for working C compiler using: Visual Studio 11 -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler using: Visual Studio 11
-- Check for working CXX compiler using: Visual Studio 11 -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
CMake Warning at CMakeLists.txt:11 (find_package):
By not providing "FindQt5Widgets.cmake" in CMAKE_MODULE_PATH this project
has asked CMake to find a package configuration file provided by
"Qt5Widgets", but CMake did not find one.
Could not find a package configuration file provided by "Qt5Widgets" with
any of the following names:
Qt5WidgetsConfig.cmake
qt5widgets-config.cmake
Add the installation prefix of "Qt5Widgets" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
"Qt5Widgets_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files. If
"Qt5Widgets" provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has
been installed.
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:17 (qt5_use_modules):
Unknown CMake command "qt5_use_modules".
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
Do you have any ideas?
你有什么想法？
采纳答案by dzada
After the lines
线后
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
project(testproject)
add
添加
set (CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "C:\Qt\Qt5.0.1\5.0.1\msvc2010\")
This solves the problem.
这解决了问题。
回答by steveire
You should set the CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH environment variable instead or use the cmake-gui to set the path to the Qt 5 packages.
您应该改为设置 CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH 环境变量或使用 cmake-gui 设置 Qt 5 包的路径。
回答by takahawk
You need just add Qt path to Windows %PATH% variable. As suggested in official documentation: http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/install-win.html#step-3-set-the-environment-variables
您只需将 Qt 路径添加到 Windows %PATH% 变量。正如官方文档中所建议的：http: //doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/install-win.html#step-3-set-the-environment-variables
回答by tresf
Here's a technique that takes advantage of cmake's ability to read the registry to coerce a registry value into locating the matching msvc's Qt5Config.cmake.
这是一种利用 cmake 读取注册表的能力来强制注册表值定位匹配 msvc 的Qt5Config.cmake.
It attempts to use the highest available Qt5 version by doing a reverse sort on the various "5.x" folder names inside (e.g. C:\Qt\).
它尝试通过对内部的各种“5.x”文件夹名称（例如C:\Qt\）进行反向排序来使用最高的可用 Qt5 版本。
This could be placed inside a module as well, e.g. QtLocator.cmake.
这也可以放置在模块内，例如QtLocator.cmake。
SET(QT_MISSING True)
# msvc only; mingw will need different logic
IF(MSVC)
# look for user-registry pointing to qtcreator
GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(QT_BIN [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\Applications\QtProject.QtCreator.cpp\shell\Open\Command] PATH)
# get root path so we can search for 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, etc
STRING(REPLACE "/Tools" ";" QT_BIN "${QT_BIN}")
LIST(GET QT_BIN 0 QT_BIN)
FILE(GLOB QT_VERSIONS "${QT_BIN}/5.*")
LIST(SORT QT_VERSIONS)
# assume the latest version will be last alphabetically
LIST(REVERSE QT_VERSIONS)
LIST(GET QT_VERSIONS 0 QT_VERSION)
# fix any double slashes which seem to be common
STRING(REPLACE "//" "/" QT_VERSION "${QT_VERSION}")
# do some math trickery to guess folder
# - qt uses (e.g.) "msvc2012"
# - cmake uses (e.g.) "1800"
# - see also https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/variable/MSVC_VERSION.html
MATH(EXPR QT_MSVC "2000 + (${MSVC_VERSION} - 600) / 100")
# check for 64-bit os
# may need to be removed for older compilers as it wasn't always offered
IF(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES 64)
SET(QT_MSVC "${QT_MSVC}_64")
ENDIF()
SET(QT_PATH "${QT_VERSION}/msvc${QT_MSVC}")
SET(QT_MISSING False)
ENDIF()
# use Qt_DIR approach so you can find Qt after cmake has been invoked
IF(NOT QT_MISSING)
MESSAGE("-- Qt found: ${QT_PATH}")
SET(Qt5_DIR "${QT_PATH}/lib/cmake/Qt5/")
SET(Qt5Test_DIR "${QT_PATH}/lib/cmake/Qt5Test")
ENDIF()
And then..
进而..
# finally, use Qt5 + COMPONENTS technique, compatible with Qt_DIR
FIND_PACKAGE(Qt5 COMPONENTS Core Gui Widgets Xml REQUIRED)
回答by Dmitry Mikushin
The @tresf's solutionperfectly covers the whole idea. It's only one thing to add: Microsoft's versioning seems to be turning into geometric progression. The series is too short yet to confirm, so as of 2019' the following formula may be used:
该@ tresf的解决方案完美地覆盖整个想法。只需添加一件事：微软的版本控制似乎正在变成几何级数。该系列太短，尚无法确认，因此从 2019 年开始，可能会使用以下公式：
# do some math trickery to guess folder
# - qt uses (e.g.) "msvc2012"
# - cmake uses (e.g.) "1800"
# - see also https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/variable/MSVC_VERSION.html
# - see also https://dev.to/yumetodo/list-of-mscver-and-mscfullver-8nd
if ((MSVC_VERSION GREATER_EQUAL "1920") AND (IS_DIRECTORY "${QT_VERSION}/msvc2019"))
set(QT_MSVC "2019")
elseif ((MSVC_VERSION GREATER_EQUAL "1910") AND (IS_DIRECTORY "${QT_VERSION}/msvc2017"))
set(QT_MSVC "2017")
elseif (MSVC_VERSION GREATER_EQUAL "1900")
set(QT_MSVC "2015")
else ()
MATH(EXPR QT_MSVC "2000 + (${MSVC_VERSION} - 500) / 100")
endif ()
回答by user2061057
One way is to open the CMakeLists.txt in Qt Creator. Qt Creator supports CMake natively and it always knows where Qt is.
一种方法是在 Qt Creator 中打开 CMakeLists.txt。Qt Creator 原生支持 CMake，它总是知道 Qt 在哪里。
