如何运行 -jar 文件 (java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError)
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How to run -jar file (java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError)
提问by user1060551
I have a Maven project (Netbeans IDE) that uses three libraries: gson, okhttp, okio. I am trying to execute the .jar created with after building the project, through Terminal and the command $java -jar app.jar, but I keep getting the error below:
我有一个 Maven 项目（Netbeans IDE），它使用三个库：gson、okhttp、okio。我正在尝试通过终端和命令 $java -jar app.jar 执行构建项目后创建的 .jar，但我不断收到以下错误：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: okhttp3/Callback
at it.bitrack.main.Main.main(Main.java:43)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: okhttp3.Callback
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 1 more
I already added the .jar files of these three libraries in the same folder as the app.jar and in a subfolder called libs, however no positive effect.
我已经将这三个库的 .jar 文件添加到与 app.jar 相同的文件夹和名为 libs 的子文件夹中，但是没有任何积极效果。
Would you be able to guess why and what I could try to make it work? The app runs perfectly when executed within Netbeans...
你能猜出为什么以及我可以尝试让它发挥作用吗？该应用程序在 Netbeans 中执行时运行完美......
This is my POM file:
这是我的 POM 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>it.bitrack</groupId>
<artifactId>BiTrackAssetSimulator</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
<artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
<version>3.6.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<!-- Build an executable JAR -->
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>it.bitrack.main.Main</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Thank you.
谢谢你。
回答by cactuschibre
You have to embed dependencies in your JAR.
您必须在 JAR 中嵌入依赖项。
Use the Maven Dependency Plugin to do so : https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/usage.html
使用 Maven 依赖插件来做到这一点：https: //maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/usage.html
Example :
例子 ：
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>it.bitrack.main.Main</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id> <!-- this is used for inheritance merges -->
<phase>package</phase> <!-- bind to the packaging phase -->
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
Then: mvn package
然后： mvn package
