vagrant是开发人员最喜欢的工具之一。
VAGRANT是一种工具，旨在使用户能够使用其选择的虚拟化环境创建和配置轻量级，可重复和便携式开发环境 - VirtualBox，KVM，VMware 等。
那么我如何使用Vagrant使用Ansible进行清洁自动化？

我们可以使用Vagrant使用Ansible，以自动配置Vagrant Machines的要求和设置软件依赖项。
本教程不会对Vagrant和Ansible进行非常详细的详细信息，而是概述如何使用Vagrant使用Ansible。

我会创建一个项目目录。

$mkdir ~/myvagrant
$cd  ~/myvagrant

我将创建一个简单的Ansible PlayBook来更新操作系统并安装基本包。
我们可以扩展以涵盖我们需要设置的内容。

$vim provision.yaml
--
- hosts: all
  become: yes
  become_method: sudo
  tasks:
 - name: Update OS
   package:
    name: '*'
    state: latest
  - name: Install Basic packages
    package:
      name: ['vim', 'zip', 'bash-completion', 'wget', 'tmux']

然后创建一个VAGRANTFILE，定义ANSIBLE Provisioner。

$vim Vagrantfile
# -*- mode: ruby -*
# vi: set ft=ruby :
ENV['VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER'] = 'libvirt'
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  ##### VM definition #####
  config.vm.define "cent01" do |config|
  config.vm.hostname = "cent01"
  config.vm.box = "centos/8"
  config.vm.box_check_update = false
  config.vm.provision :ansible do |ansible|
    ansible.limit = "all"
    ansible.playbook = "provision.yaml"
  end
  config.vm.provider :libvirt do |v|
    v.memory = 1024
    v.cpus = 1
    end
  end
end

可以在我们的vagrantfile中看到，我们正在使用provision.yaml playbook。

有两个PlayBook和VagrantFile准备后，运行Vagrant Up命令以启动虚拟机。

$vagrant up
Bringing machine 'cent01' up with 'libvirt' provider...
==> cent01: Box 'centos/8' could not be found. Attempting to find and install...
    cent01: Box Provider: libvirt
    cent01: Box Version: >= 0
==> cent01: Loading metadata for box 'centos/8'
    cent01: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/centos/8
==> cent01: Adding box 'centos/8' (v1905.1) for provider: libvirt
    cent01: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/centos/boxes/8/versions/1905.1/providers/libvirt.box
    cent01: Download redirected to host: cloud.centos.org
    cent01: Calculating and comparing box checksum...
==> cent01: Successfully added box 'centos/8' (v1905.1) for 'libvirt'!
==> cent01: Uploading base box image as volume into libvirt storage...
==> cent01: Creating image (snapshot of base box volume).
==> cent01: Creating domain with the following settings...
==> cent01:  -- Name:              cent8_cent01
==> cent01:  -- Domain type:       kvm
==> cent01:  -- Cpus:              2
==> cent01:  -- Feature:           acpi
==> cent01:  -- Feature:           apic
==> cent01:  -- Feature:           pae
==> cent01:  -- Memory:            1024M
==> cent01:  -- Management MAC:    
==> cent01:  -- Loader:            
==> cent01:  -- Nvram:             
==> cent01:  -- Base box:          centos/8
==> cent01:  -- Storage pool:      default
==> cent01:  -- Image:             /var/home/jkmutai/.local/share/libvirt/images/cent8_cent01.img (11G)
==> cent01:  -- Volume Cache:      default
==> cent01:  -- Kernel:            
==> cent01:  -- Initrd:            
==> cent01:  -- Graphics Type:     vnc
==> cent01:  -- Graphics Port:     -1
==> cent01:  -- Graphics IP:       127.0.0.1
==> cent01:  -- Graphics Password: Not defined
==> cent01:  -- Video Type:        cirrus
==> cent01:  -- Video VRAM:        9216
==> cent01:  -- Sound Type:	
==> cent01:  -- Keymap:            en-us
==> cent01:  -- TPM Path:          
==> cent01:  -- INPUT:             type=mouse, bus=ps2
==> cent01: Creating shared folders metadata...
==> cent01: Starting domain.
==> cent01: Waiting for domain to get an IP address...
==> cent01: Waiting for SSH to become available...
    cent01: 
    cent01: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
    cent01: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
    cent01: 
    cent01: Inserting generated public key within guest...
    cent01: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...
    cent01: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
==> cent01: Setting hostname...
==> cent01: Configuring and enabling network interfaces...
    cent01: SSH address: 192.168.122.48:22
    cent01: SSH username: vagrant
    cent01: SSH auth method: private key
==> cent01: Rsyncing folder: /var/home/jkmutai/myhacks/vagrant/cent8/=> /vagrant
==> cent01: Running provisioner: ansible...
Vagrant has automatically selected the compatibility mode '2.0'
according to the Ansible version installed (2.9.5).
Alternatively, the compatibility mode can be specified in your Vagrantfile:
https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/provisioning/ansible_common.html#compatibility_mode
    cent01: Running ansible-playbook...
PLAY [all] ** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ***
TASK [Gathering Facts] ** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ***
ok: [cent01]
TASK [Update OS] ** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **
changed: [cent01]
TASK [Install Basic packages] ** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **
changed: [cent01]
PLAY RECAP ** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ***
cent01                     : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

如果我们有VAGRANT机器，则使用命令：

vagrant provision

我们的执行成功，我们现在可以使用命令SSH到VM：

$vagrant ssh