Linux 将一个 shell 脚本变量传递给另一个 shell 脚本
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Passing one shell script variable to another shell script
提问by Karthik
I am trying to access one script variable from another script for example,
例如，我正在尝试从另一个脚本访问一个脚本变量，
script1.sh:
脚本1.sh：
export a=10
export b=20
echo "testing"
exit
script2.sh:
脚本2.sh：
. script1.sh
echo $a
The problem involved here is its able to access the variable 'a' from the script1in script2but its executing all the commandswritten in script1.shwhich is annoying. I just want to access only the exported variables in script1and donot want to run the commands in script1while calling that in script2.
这里涉及的问题是，它能够从访问变量a SCRIPT1在SCRIPT2但其执行的所有命令写在script1.sh这是烦人。我只是想访问仅在导出的变量SCRIPT1和DONOT想在运行命令SCRIPT1同时呼吁，在SCRIPT2。
Kindly help!
请帮助！
Thanks,
Karthik
谢谢，
卡西克
回答by Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams
Assigning a variable is a command. Unless you're prepared to write a bash parser in bash, what you want cannot be done.
分配变量是一个命令。除非您准备在 bash 中编写 bash 解析器，否则无法完成您想要的操作。
回答by c00kiemon5ter
I agree with Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams.
我同意 Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams 的观点。
Assigning a variable is a command
分配变量是一个命令
not much you can do about it.
你对此无能为力。
A probable solution would be to seperate the variable definitions to a third script, that would be used as configurationscript. So both script1and script2would sourcethat one, to use the vars defined there.
一个可能的解决方案是将变量定义分离到第三个脚本中，该脚本将用作配置脚本。所以script1和script2都会source使用那里定义的变量。
回答by evil otto
If your variable assignments are only everin the exactform indicated above, that is
如果您的变量分配只是上面指出的确切形式，那就是
export a=10
then you could extract those assignments with grepand evalthe results. Your script2.sh would then be
然后你可以提取这些作业grep和eval结果。你的 script2.sh 将是
eval `grep "^export " script1.sh`
echo $a
But doing this is very fragile, and can break in lots of ways. Putting the variable assignments in a third script sourced by both as others have suggested is far safer.
但是这样做非常脆弱，并且会以多种方式中断。正如其他人所建议的那样，将变量赋值放在由两者提供的第三个脚本中要安全得多。
This can break if you have variable settings inside conditionals, or if your exported variables depend on other non-exported variables that got missed, or if you set and export the variables separately; and if you happen to be using command substitution in your exports those would still get run with their possible side effects.
如果您在条件中设置变量，或者导出的变量依赖于其他未导出的变量，或者您单独设置和导出变量，这可能会中断；如果你碰巧在你的导出中使用命令替换，那些仍然会运行，并带有可能的副作用。
if [ $doexport = 1 ]; then
export a=1
fi
a=2
export a
b=2
export a=$b
export a=`ls |wc -l`
These are all potentially problematic.
这些都是潜在的问题。
回答by jlliagre
script2.sh:
脚本2.sh：
eval "$(grep export script1.sh)"
echo $a
回答by lesmana
What you are trying to do (only get the variables from another script, without executing the commands) is not possible.
您尝试执行的操作（仅从另一个脚本获取变量，而不执行命令）是不可能的。
Here is a workaround:
这是一个解决方法：
Extract the variable declaration and initialisation to a third file, which is then sourced by both.
将变量声明和初始化提取到第三个文件中，然后由两者提供源。
common-vars:
通用变量：
export a=10
export b=20
script1.sh:
脚本1.sh：
. common-vars
echo "testing"
exit
script2.sh:
脚本2.sh：
. common-vars
echo $a
回答by Vimukt
I agree with "Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams" this is a good answer to your question.
我同意“Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams”，这是对您问题的一个很好的回答。
But I have another solution for you where you don't have export your variables. concept is based on : use you Login shell to run both the script instead of a new shell.
但是我为您提供了另一个解决方案，您无需导出变量。概念基于：使用您的登录 shell 来运行脚本而不是新的 shell。
Lets say your script1.sh is :
假设您的 script1.sh 是：
a=10
b=20
now run your script in your login shell :
现在在您的登录 shell 中运行您的脚本：
Example:
例子：
.[space]script1
Now if you will access the variable a in your script it will be accessible to you without fail.
现在，如果您将访问脚本中的变量 a，您将可以访问它而不会失败。
Example
例子
Lets say your script2.sh is :
假设您的 script2.sh 是：
echo $a
run:
跑：
.[space]script2
回答by Peter
You can pass the variable from one script to another by passing the variable as a parameter. This of course means that Script B will be called by Script A. Script B will need to check that the parameter passed is not empty.
通过将变量作为参数传递，您可以将变量从一个脚本传递到另一个脚本。这当然意味着脚本 B 将被脚本 A 调用。脚本 B 需要检查传递的参数是否为空。
