Java Spring 单元测试 JPA 存储库
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Spring Unit test JPA repository
提问by Egizeris
I'm new to Spring framework. I need to write Unit Test for JPA repository. I'm trying simple repository saveAndFlush()method. But nothing saves in my repository. Here is my source code:
我是 Spring 框架的新手。我需要为 JPA 存储库编写单元测试。我正在尝试简单的存储库saveAndFlush()方法。但是我的存储库中没有保存任何内容。这是我的源代码：
TestContext.class
测试上下文.class
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:log4j.properties")
public class TestContext {
@Bean
public RoleService roleService() {
return Mockito.mock(RoleService.class);
}
@Bean
public RightService RightService() {
return Mockito.mock(RightService.class);
}
@Bean
public RoleRepository RoleRepository() {
return Mockito.mock(RoleRepository.class);
}
}
RoleServiceTest.class
RoleServiceTest.class
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestContext.class})
@WebAppConfiguration
public class RoleServiceTest {
@Autowired
private RoleRepository roleRepository;
@Test
public void TestServices() throws Exception {
RoleDetails first = new RoleDetails();
first.setId("1");
first.setDescription("First Description");
first.setName("First");
roleRepository.saveAndFlush(new RoleEntity(first));
roleRepository.save(new RoleEntity(first));
List<RoleEntity> roles = new ArrayList<RoleEntity>();
roles = roleRepository.findAll();
System.out.println(roles);
assertEquals(1, roles.size());
}
}
And error:
和错误：
java.lang.AssertionError: expected:<1> but was:<0>
I'm almost sure that problem occurs because of testContext.Class. I used this class to test my controller and it worked well, but now i need to test my database and i don't know how to modify contextConfiguration. I hope somone will help me. Thanks in advance!
我几乎可以肯定这个问题是由于 testContext.Class 发生的。我用这个类来测试我的控制器，它运行良好，但现在我需要测试我的数据库，我不知道如何修改 contextConfiguration。我希望有人会帮助我。提前致谢！
采纳答案by radusezciuc
The problem is from the TestContext indeed. You try to save your object using a mock object, which is not correct.
问题确实来自 TestContext 。您尝试使用模拟对象保存对象，这是不正确的。
The solution is to use the real repository. For this, you need to follow the next steps:
解决方案是使用真正的存储库。为此，您需要执行以下步骤：
- Annotate your RoleRepository with the @Repositoryannotation and extend the class with JpaRepository(RoleEntity,ID)(where ID is the type you declared the id of the RoleEntity).
- Add the RoleRepository to your Context Configuration class (the real one, not a test one). You can do this by adding @EnableJpaRepositories(value="your.repository.package").
- Replace the TestContext.class from your @ContextConfigurationannotation on your RoleServiceTest class with your real Context Configuration class you used to configure your Spring based project.
- 与注释您RoleRepository @Repository注解，并与扩展类JpaRepository（RoleEntity，ID） （其中ID是你声明的RoleEntity的ID类型）。
- 将 RoleRepository 添加到您的 Context Configuration 类（真正的类，而不是测试类）。您可以通过添加@EnableJpaRepositories(value="your.repository.package")来做到这一点。
- 将RoleServiceTest 类上@ContextConfiguration注释中的 TestContext.class 替换为用于配置基于 Spring 的项目的真实 Context Configuration 类。
I hope my answer helps, if you still need help feel free to ask again!
希望我的回答对您有所帮助，如果您还需要帮助，请随时再次提问！
回答by JB Nizet
Your repository is a mock object. A mock object, by definition, is an object that doesn't do what it should normally do, but does what you tell it to do in the test.
您的存储库是一个模拟对象。模拟对象，根据定义，是一个不做它通常应该做的事情，但做你在测试中告诉它做的事情的对象。
To test the repository, the repository must be a real one. Your context class should thus rather have
要测试存储库，存储库必须是真实的。因此，您的上下文类应该具有
@Bean
public RoleRepository RoleRepository() {
return new RoleRepositoryImpl(); // or whatever the class implementing the repository is
}
回答by Baker
If using Spring Boot, creating a web app and you're running off of a main() method within an Application.class you could use:
如果使用 Spring Boot，创建一个 Web 应用程序并且您正在运行 Application.class 中的 main() 方法，您可以使用：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class MyUnitTest {
Some someInstance = new Some();
@Autowired
private SomeRepository someRepository;
}
@Test
public void testSomeClass() throws Exception {
Some savedSome = someRepository.save(someInstance);
assertEquals(1, someRepository.count());
}
