如何使用 C++ 在 Windows 中列出子目录？

How do I list subdirectories in Windows using C++?

提问by avee

how do I list subdirectories in windows using C++? Using code that would run cross-platorm is better.

如何使用 C++ 列出 Windows 中的子目录？使用可以跨平台运行的代码会更好。

采纳答案by uray

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa364418(v=vs.85).aspx

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa364418(v=vs.85).aspx

and

和

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365200(v=vs.85).aspx

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365200(v=vs.85).aspx

its crossplatform between windows vista/7 or maybe xp :P

它在 windows vista/7 或 xp 之间的跨平台：P

回答by avee

Here's my solution for the problem, it is a Windows only solution though. I want to use a cross-platform solution, but not using boost.

这是我对这个问题的解决方案，不过它是一个仅限 Windows 的解决方案。我想使用跨平台解决方案，但不使用 boost。

#include <Windows.h>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

/// Gets a list of subdirectories under a specified path
/// @param[out] output Empty vector to be filled with result
/// @param[in]  path   Input path, may be a relative path from working dir
void getSubdirs(std::vector<std::string>& output, const std::string& path)
{
    WIN32_FIND_DATA findfiledata;
    HANDLE hFind = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;

    char fullpath[MAX_PATH];
    GetFullPathName(path.c_str(), MAX_PATH, fullpath, 0);
    std::string fp(fullpath);

    hFind = FindFirstFile((LPCSTR)(fp + "\*").c_str(), &findfiledata);
    if (hFind != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        do 
        {
            if ((findfiledata.dwFileAttributes | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY
                && (findfiledata.cFileName[0] != '.'))
            {
                output.push_back(findfiledata.cFileName);
            }
        } 
        while (FindNextFile(hFind, &findfiledata) != 0);
    }
}

/// Gets a list of subdirectory and their subdirs under a specified path
/// @param[out] output Empty vector to be filled with result
/// @param[in]  path   Input path, may be a relative path from working dir
/// @param[in]  prependStr String to be pre-appended before each result
///                        for top level path, this should be an empty string
void getSubdirsRecursive(std::vector<std::string>& output, 
                         const std::string& path,
                         const std::string& prependStr)
{
    std::vector<std::string> firstLvl;
    getSubdirs(firstLvl, path);
    for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator i = firstLvl.begin(); 
         i != firstLvl.end(); ++i)
    {
        output.push_back(prependStr + *i);
        getSubdirsRecursive(output, 
            path + std::string("\") + *i + std::string("\"),
            prependStr + *i + std::string("\"));
    }
}

回答by legacybass

Here's a relatively good solution that should work cross platform. You'll have to change the section of the code where you want it to do something but otherwise it should work quite well.

这是一个相对较好的解决方案，应该可以跨平台工作。您必须更改您希望它执行某些操作的代码部分，否则它应该可以很好地工作。

#include <cstring>
#include <io.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

void list(char* dir)
{
    char originalDirectory[_MAX_PATH];

    // Get the current directory so we can return to it
    _getcwd(originalDirectory, _MAX_PATH);

    _chdir(dir);  // Change to the working directory
    _finddata_t fileinfo;

    // This will grab the first file in the directory
    // "*" can be changed if you only want to look for specific files
    intptr_t handle = _findfirst("*", &fileinfo);

    if(handle == -1)  // No files or directories found
    {
        perror("Error searching for file");
        exit(1);
    }

    do
    {
        if(strcmp(fileinfo.name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(fileinfo.name, "..") == 0)
            continue;
        if(fileinfo.attrib & _A_SUBDIR) // Use bitmask to see if this is a directory
            cout << "This is a directory." << endl;
        else
            cout << "This is a file." << endl;
    } while(_findnext(handle, &fileinfo) == 0);

    _findclose(handle); // Close the stream

    _chdir(originalDirectory);
}

int main()
{
    list("C:\");
    return 0;
}

This is pretty concise code and will list all sub-directories and files in the directory. If you want to have it list all the contents in each sub-directory, you can recursively call the function by passing in the sub-directory on the line that prints out "This is a directory." Something like list(fileinfo.name); should do the trick.

这是非常简洁的代码，将列出目录中的所有子目录和文件。如果你想让它列出每个子目录中的所有内容，你可以通过在打印出“这是一个目录”的行上传入子目录来递归调用该函数。类似于 list(fileinfo.name); 应该做的伎俩。

回答by Juraj Blaho

Look at Boost.Filesystem. It's cross-platform and free.

看看Boost.Filesystem。它是跨平台和免费的。

回答by Miss_angel

You can use the dirent bib. More details are here

你可以使用dirent bib。更多细节在这里