使用 TypeScript 中的类型导入节点和表达
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Importing node and express with typings in TypeScript
提问by Underscore
I am trying to set up a TypeScript express/node application in Visual Studio Code following the Microsoft guidebut changing it to use TypeScript however when it comes to installing the type definitions using typingsI seem to have to install more packages than the guide.
我正在尝试按照Microsoft 指南在 Visual Studio Code 中设置 TypeScript express/node 应用程序，但将其更改为使用 TypeScript 但是在使用安装类型定义时，typings我似乎必须安装比指南更多的包。
I'm running the following pair of commands:
我正在运行以下命令对：
typings install node --ambient --save
typings install express --ambient --save
However attempting to build with just those packages gives the following type of error:
但是，尝试仅使用这些包进行构建会出现以下类型的错误：
error TS2307: Cannot find module 'serve-static'.
For the following typings:
对于以下类型：
- mime
- express-serve-static-core
- serve-static
- 哑剧
- 快递服务静态核心
- 静态服务
I can resolve this by installing the required typings but it seems like something typings should do by itself.
我可以通过安装所需的类型来解决这个问题，但似乎类型本身应该做一些事情。
I wanted to check if I was missing a fundamental step to automatically pull in dependencies or whether the guide was outdated?
我想检查是否缺少自动引入依赖项的基本步骤，或者指南是否已过时？
In case it's relevant, my tsconfig.json:
如果相关，我的 tsconfig.json：
{
"compilerOptions": {
"target": "es5",
"module": "commonjs",
"sourceMap": true,
"outDir": "bin",
"sourceRoot": "src"
},
"exclude": [
"node_modules",
"typings/browser.d.ts",
"typings/browser"
]
}
My tsc is version 1.8.7 and I have typescript installed globally.
我的 tsc 是 1.8.7 版，并且在全球范围内安装了 typescript。
回答by Josh1billion
As of the release of TypeScript 2.0 last month, the recommended tool for installing typings is our trusty old friend npminstead of typingsor tsd.
从上个月发布的 TypeScript 2.0 开始，推荐的安装类型的工具是我们值得信赖的老朋友，npm而不是typings或tsd。
npm install @types/node --save
With npm, there's no need to worry about "global" or "ambient" installations anymore.
使用 npm，您无需再担心“全局”或“环境”安装。
You also don't need to worry about adding <reference>tags to the top of your source files anymore; just drop the following property into your compilerOptionsin tsconfig.json, and the TypeScript compiler will automatically find the npm typings you've installed:
您也无需再担心<reference>在源文件顶部添加标签；只需将以下属性放入您的compilerOptionsin 中tsconfig.json，TypeScript 编译器就会自动找到您安装的 npm 类型：
"typeRoots": [ "node_modules/@types" ]
Here's a blog post that explains the change in some more detail: https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/typescript/2016/06/15/the-future-of-declaration-files/
这是一篇博客文章，更详细地解释了更改：https: //blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/typescript/2016/06/15/the-future-of-declaration-files/
回答by Underscore
The tutorial I linked has now been updated to include the following commands:
我链接的教程现已更新为包含以下命令：
typings install node --ambient
typings install express serve-static express-serve-static-core --ambient
See @cdbajorin 's commentfor information about why dependencies are not automatically downloaded.
有关为什么不自动下载依赖项的信息，请参阅 @cdbajorin 的评论。
回答by Will Munn
to save everyone a headache, the magic command to get the typings for node is now:
为了让大家省心，获取节点类型的魔法命令现在是：
typings install node --source env --global --save
typings install node --source env --global --save
