windows 不使用 Setup.exe 手动安装 Cygwin

Manual Cygwin Installation without using Setup.exe

提问by Jeff Langemeier

I am having issues with finding all of the necessary files to actually install Cygwin correctly when not using the premade setup utility. The reason behind this is the fact that my company computer blocks the usage of the .exe, and won't give me clearance to install it, (they say it isn't needed for the job) but expects me to perform certain tasks that Cygwin would make much simpler.

在不使用预制安装实用程序时，我在查找所有必要的文件以正确安装 Cygwin 时遇到问题。这背后的原因是我公司的计算机阻止了 .exe 的使用，并且不会给我安装它的许可，（他们说工作不需要它）但希望我执行某些任务Cygwin 会让事情变得简单得多。

So my question is thus; is there somewhere/someone that would have a list of packages that I would need to manually install from one of the mirrors to make Cygwin run correctly?

所以我的问题是这样的；是否有某处/某人拥有我需要从其中一个镜像手动安装才能使 Cygwin 正确运行的软件包列表？

回答by Martin

Well,

好，

This is a new answer to an old question, but it might be helpful for someone...

这是一个旧问题的新答案，但它可能对某人有帮助......

Just run the installer with -Bswitch, for example:

只需使用-Bswitch运行安装程序，例如：

setup-x86_64.exe -B

You should install it then on a path where you have rights.

然后您应该将其安装在您拥有权限的路径上。

回答by T.E.D.

If you don't need the full POSIX compatibility (which I'm guessing you don't, if the Unix subsystem isn't required for your job), I'd generally suggest you go with Mingwrather than Cygwin.

如果您不需要完整的 POSIX 兼容性（我猜您不需要，如果您的工作不需要 Unix 子系统），我通常建议您使用Mingw而不是 Cygwin。

Sadly, Mingw also has an installer these days. It probably also requires admin (try it and see). However, you can download the individual components you need if you want to do it that way. That shouldn't require admin, so it would probably get you exactly what you want.

可悲的是，Mingw 这些天也有安装程序。它可能还需要管理员（试试看）。但是，如果您想这样做，您可以下载所需的各个组件。这不应该需要管理员，所以它可能会让你得到你想要的。

Mingw is also more corporate-friendly from a licensing standpoint, as its compiler doesn't render code built with it GPL like Cygwin's does.

从许可的角度来看，Mingw 也对企业更友好，因为它的编译器不像 Cygwin 那样呈现用 GPL 构建的代码。

Generally the rule is:

一般规则是：

• If you want to use Unixy tools to help with your native Windows development, you want Mingw.
• If want to port a full (POSIX) Unix program to windows, you want Cygwin(and perhaps a support deal with Red Hat to get around the licensing problem).

• 如果您想使用 Unixy 工具来帮助您进行本机 Windows 开发，您需要Mingw.
• 如果想将完整的 (POSIX) Unix 程序移植到 Windows，您需要Cygwin（也许还需要与 Red Hat 达成一项支持协议以解决许可问题）。

回答by Michael Paulukonis

There's a writeup on getting Cygwin [to work] on portable storage devices.

有一篇关于让 Cygwin [在便携式存储设备上工作] 的文章。

Boiling it down, you'd have to do this on a machine that doesgive you .exe/admin access to write to a 'stick, then run from the stick at work.

归根结底，您必须在一台机器上执行此操作，该机器确实为您提供 .exe/admin 访问权限以写入“棒”，然后在工作时从棒运行。

On the off-chance that super-lockdown-site allows you to run USB devices.

万一超级锁定站点允许您运行 USB 设备。

回答by Michael Dillon

Use the GNUWIN32 utilities instead. http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/

请改用 GNUWIN32 实用程序。http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/

That way you can choose only the .exe installs that you need, and it will be much easier to justify specific utilities than a humongous system install. If you hunt around on the site you can find the files directory where you can download a single utility, and if you get the -bin.zip version, then you can extract just the needed .exe file which would be even easier to justify and would not require your IT people to test an untrusted install package.

这样你就可以只选择你需要的 .exe 安装，并且比一个庞大的系统安装更容易证明特定实用程序的合理性。如果您在网站上四处寻找，您可以找到可以下载单个实用程序的文件目录，如果您获得了 -bin.zip 版本，那么您可以仅提取所需的 .exe 文件，这将更容易证明和不会要求您的 IT 人员测试不受信任的安装包。

回答by intrepidhero

Stupid draconian rules or no, I would not recommend trying to thwart your employers rules. Try working to improve the situation or find another one.

愚蠢的严厉规则与否，我不建议您试图阻挠雇主的规则。尝试努力改善这种情况或寻找另一种情况。

But technically speaking if you can get a complete Cygwin install somewhere, you can copy the entire cygwin folder enmasse. There are a few things that you will want to change similarly to how I configured my cygwin installation to run from a thumb drive. I actually installed on my HD, copied it to the thumbdrive and then changed the batch file and a few other things to make it work. Here are the details: http://fadedbluesky.com/2011/portable-cygwin/

但从技术上讲，如果您可以在某处获得完整的 Cygwin 安装，则可以将整个 cygwin 文件夹复制。与我将 cygwin 安装配置为从拇指驱动器运行的方式类似，您需要更改一些内容。我实际上安装在我的 HD 上，将它复制到拇指驱动器，然后更改批处理文件和其他一些事情以使其工作。以下是详细信息：http: //fadedbluesky.com/2011/portable-cygwin/

回答by djdanlib

You could try installing it on another machine outside of work. After installing, copy the installed product's tree and Registry keys and environment settings to a CD or flash drive. Then you would have a DIY installation that you can copy and import settings manually. The installer doesn't do a whole lot else.

您可以尝试在工作之外的另一台机器上安装它。安装后，将已安装产品的树和注册表项以及环境设置复制到 CD 或闪存驱动器。然后您将有一个 DIY 安装，您可以手动复制和导入设置。安装程序不会做很多其他的事情。

Don't count on job security if you're bypassing IT mandates after being explicitly told no, though. Getting an exception to the rule by submitting proper documentation through the proper process is usually the way to go.

但是，如果您在被明确拒绝后绕过 IT 要求，请不要指望工作保障。通过适当的程序提交适当的文件来获得规则的例外通常是要走的路。

You'll also have to hope that they aren't blocking the Cygwin programs and any Registry edits as well. It's not hard to find this sort of thing on a machine, either.

您还必须希望它们不会阻止 Cygwin 程序和任何注册表编辑。在机器上找到这种东西也不难。