Java scrollIntoView 与 moveToElement

scrollIntoView vs moveToElement

提问by alecxe

In Selenium WebDriver, there are two major methods to put an element into a visible area:

在 Selenium WebDriver 中，有两种主要方法可以将元素放入可见区域：

1. Scrolling into view:

   ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", element);
   

2. Using moveToElementbrowser action:

   Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
   actions.moveToElement(element);
   actions.perform();
   

1. 滚动查看：

   ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", element);
   

2. 使用moveToElement浏览器操作：

   Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
   actions.moveToElement(element);
   actions.perform();
   

Are these methods equivalent and which one should be preferred?

这些方法是否等效？应该首选哪一种？

采纳答案by Louis

scrollIntoView

scrollIntoView

The DOM method scrollIntoViewonly scrolls the element into view. If scrollIntoViewcannot scroll the element into view, it will just fail silently.I added an invisible element to the start of bodyand called scrollIntoViewon it. Nothing scrolled but there was no error. Note that you have more control on howthe element is scrolled with scrollIntoViewthan with moveToElement. Selenium is only interested in bringing the element into view so that the mouse can be placed on it. It does not give you any say in how it is going to do it. scrollIntoViewhowever allows you, for instance, to specify whether you want the top or bottom of the element to be align with its scrollable ancestor. (See herefor the details.)

DOM 方法scrollIntoView仅将元素滚动到视图中。如果scrollIntoView无法将元素滚动到视图中，它将静默失败。我在开头添加了一个不可见元素body并调用scrollIntoView了它。没有滚动，但没有错误。请注意，您必须对更多的控制如何将元素与滚动scrollIntoView比moveToElement。Selenium 只对让元素进入视图感兴趣，以便鼠标可以放在它上面。它没有给你任何关于它将如何做的发言权。scrollIntoView但是，例如，允许您指定是否希望元素的顶部或底部与其可滚动祖先对齐。（详情请看这里。）

moveToElement

moveToElement

The Selenium method moveToElementdoes two things: it scrolls the element into view and moves the mouse on top of the element. I've also tested it with elements that cannot be scrolled or moved to because they have no coordinates on screen and got no error here either.

Selenium 方法moveToElement做两件事：将元素滚动到视图中并将鼠标移动到元素的顶部。我还使用无法滚动或移动到的元素对其进行了测试，因为它们在屏幕上没有坐标，而且这里也没有错误。

Choosing One

选择一个

I default to using moveToElement, with the following exceptions:

我默认使用moveToElement，但有以下例外：

• If you do not want to affect at all where Selenium has placed the mouse but you want to scroll something into view (a bit strange... but possible), then you should use scrollIntoView.

• If you need to scroll an element with the kind of control that scrollIntoViewgives you (like the alignment option I mentioned above), then you have to use it rather than moveToElement.

• There are cases where trying to simulate user behavior through Selenium's commands is not possible or is very expensive to do by sending a series of Selenium commands. (Each command is a round-trip to the network. When the testing server somewhere across the Internet, it adds up.) In such cases, I use Selenium's executeScript. In such case, it can be advantageous to use scrollIntoViewin the script being executed, rather then end the script, create an Actionto perform the scroll, and finish the whole operation with another executeScript.

• 如果您根本不想影响 Selenium 放置鼠标的位置，但又想将某些内容滚动到视图中（有点奇怪……但可能），那么您应该使用scrollIntoView.

• 如果您需要使用scrollIntoView为您提供的控件类型滚动元素（如我上面提到的对齐选项），那么您必须使用它而不是moveToElement.

• 在某些情况下，尝试通过 Selenium 的命令模拟用户行为是不可能的，或者通过发送一系列 Selenium 命令来完成的代价非常高。（每个命令都是到网络的往返。当测试服务器位于 Internet 某处时，它会加起来。）在这种情况下，我使用 Selenium 的executeScript. 在这种情况下，最好scrollIntoView在正在执行的脚本中使用，而不是结束脚本，创建一个Action来执行滚动，并用另一个完成整个操作executeScript。