windows Plink 在连接时不提供 bashrc 或 bash_profile
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Plink does not source bashrc or bash_profile on connect
提问by Charles
I am trying to use plink as an ssh alternative on windows, but I am finding that when plink connects to a remote linux machine, it does not source .bash_profile or .bashrc.
Is there a different dot file I should create? Or is there another option?
我试图在 Windows 上使用 plink 作为 ssh 替代方案，但我发现当 plink 连接到远程 linux 机器时，它不会提供 .bash_profile 或 .bashrc。
我应该创建一个不同的点文件吗？或者还有其他选择吗？
For example, my bashrc file adds a directory to my path. This directory contains extra programs that I want to use, one being python.
例如，我的 bashrc 文件在我的路径中添加了一个目录。这个目录包含我想使用的额外程序，一个是 python。
This will not work:
这将不起作用：
plink host python
Where as this will:
这将在哪里：
plink host "source .bashrc;python"
When I use plink without a command parameter, it sources .bash_profile and everything works fine, but it appear that by merely sending a command plink will not source either file.
当我在没有命令参数的情况下使用 plink 时，它会获取 .bash_profile 并且一切正常，但似乎仅通过发送命令 plink 不会获取任何文件。
Is there a workaround?
有解决方法吗？
采纳答案by Kurt Pfeifle
If you simply connect to a remote host via ssh or plink, it will start the login account's default shell. If that shell is bash, bash will automatically source .bash_profile.
如果您只是通过 ssh 或 plink 连接到远程主机，它将启动登录帐户的默认 shell。如果该 shell 是 bash，bash 将自动获取 .bash_profile。
If you connect to a remote host via ssh or plink asking for a command to be executed, ssh will try to execute just that command.
如果您通过 ssh 或 plink 连接到远程主机要求执行命令，ssh 将尝试仅执行该命令。
What you want to achieve can be done by using a ForcedCommand. See also here:
您可以通过使用ForcedCommand来实现您想要实现的目标。另见此处：
- https://serverfault.com/questions/162018/force-ssh-to-use-a-specific-shell/166129#166129and
- http://oreilly.com/catalog/sshtdg/chapter/ch08.html
- https://serverfault.com/questions/162018/force-ssh-to-use-a-specific-shell/166129#166129和
- http://oreilly.com/catalog/sshtdg/chapter/ch08.html
Set the forced command to be a script that does 2 things:
将强制命令设置为执行两件事的脚本：
- source the .bash_profile
- run original command (env vars $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND or $SSH2_ORIGINAL_COMMAND)
- 来源 .bash_profile
- 运行原始命令（环境变量 $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND 或 $SSH2_ORIGINAL_COMMAND）
回答by Spalteer
The accepted answer helped me solve the same problem using plink. Here is a bit more detail that may help people in future:
接受的答案帮助我使用 plink 解决了同样的问题。这里有更多细节可以帮助人们在未来：
When a ssh connection is made to run a single command using plink, bash is not invoked as an "interactive login shell", so it doesn't run /etc/profile, ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, or ~/.profile (see the bash manual pages).
当建立 ssh 连接以使用 plink 运行单个命令时，bash 不会作为“交互式登录 shell”调用，因此它不会运行 /etc/profile、~/.bash_profile、~/.bash_login 或 ~/ .profile（请参阅 bash 手册页）。
For my purposes, I needed ~/.profile to run prior to the command passed in the plink command line.
出于我的目的，我需要 ~/.profile 在 plink 命令行中传递的命令之前运行。
A forced command can be added to the authorized_keys file for that key (see the sshd manual pages). A forced command (e.g. to run ~/.profile) stops it running the command specified by plink, so to get it to do both, the forced command should be to execute a script that runs .profile then the original plink command. The latter is stored in an environment variable $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND so your script can do
可以将强制命令添加到该密钥的 authorized_keys 文件中（请参阅 sshd 手册页）。强制命令（例如运行 ~/.profile）会停止它运行 plink 指定的命令，因此要使其同时执行这两项操作，强制命令应该是执行运行 .profile 的脚本，然后是原始 plink 命令。后者存储在环境变量 $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND 中，因此您的脚本可以执行
source .profile
$SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND
and you specify the script in the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file as follows, before the key, on the same line:
并在 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 文件中指定脚本，如下所示，在密钥之前，在同一行：
command="source forced_command.script" ssh-rsa A3AABzaC1yc...
