xml 如何使用 xmllint 和 XPath 从属性中获取值？
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How can I get the value from an attribute using xmllint and XPath?
提问by Tran Ngu Dang
I want to get the value of name and put it in a variable using XMLLint
我想获取 name 的值并使用 XMLLint 将其放入变量中
<body>
<value name="abc"></value>
</body>
echo 'cat //body/value/@name' | xmllint --shell "test.xml"
/ > -------
name="abc"
/ >
So I want to assign the value "abc" to variable $test
所以我想将值“abc”分配给变量 $test
回答by h0li0
You need to use fn:string(), which will return the value of its argument as xs:string. In case its argument is an attribute, it will therefore return the attribute's value as xs:string.
您需要使用fn:string()，它将其参数的值返回为xs:string。如果它的参数是一个属性，它将因此返回属性的值作为xs:string。
test=$(xmllint --xpath "string(//body/value/@name)" test.xml)
回答by ego
Try this, it's not beautiful but it works :)
试试这个，它不漂亮，但它有效:)
I just erase lines containing >from stdout , cut the string to get the second part after the =, and delete "
我只是擦除包含>stdout 的行，剪切字符串以获取 之后的第二部分=，然后删除“
test=$(echo 'cat //body/value/@name' | xmllint --shell "test.xml" | grep -v ">" | cut -f 2 -d "=" | tr -d \");
echo $test
回答by mklement0
An approach with a helper awkcommandthat supports multiple attributes(a streamlined version of ego's approach):
带有支持多个属性的辅助awk命令的方法（ego 方法的简化版本）：
echo 'cat //*/@name' | xmllint --shell file | awk -F\" 'NR % 2 == 0 { print }'
The awkcommand:
该awk命令：
splits
xmllint's output lines into fields by"chars. (-F\")- Note that
xmllintnormalizes quoting around attribute values to"..."on output, even if the input had'...', so it's sufficient to split by".
- Note that
only processes even-numbered lines (
NR %2 == 0), thereby filtering out the separator lines thatcatinvariably prints.print $2then prints only the 2nd field, which is the valueof each attribute without the enclosing"...".
xmllint按"字符将的输出行拆分为字段。(-F\")- 请注意，即使输入具有，也
xmllint将围绕属性值的引用标准化为"..."on 输出'...'，因此按 分割就足够了"。
- 请注意，即使输入具有，也
只处理偶数行 (
NR %2 == 0)，从而过滤掉cat总是打印的分隔线。print $2然后只打印第二个字段，它是每个属性的值，没有封闭的"...".
Assuming the following sample XML in file:
假设在以下示例 XML 中file：
<body>
<value name="abc"></value>
<value name="def"></value>
</body>
the above yields:
以上产量：
abc
def
回答by steve.sims
I recently had to port my original simpler solution using --xpath to a platform lacking this feature, so had to adopt the "cat" solution too. This will handle multiple matches, tested on Ubuntu 12.04 and Solaris 11:
我最近不得不使用 --xpath 将我原来的更简单的解决方案移植到缺少此功能的平台上，因此也不得不采用“cat”解决方案。这将处理多个匹配项，在 Ubuntu 12.04 和 Solaris 11 上测试：
getxml() { # = xml file, = xpath expression
echo "cat " | xmllint --shell |\
sed -n 's/[^\"]*\"\([^\"]*\)\"[^\"]*//gp'
}
e.g. extracting instance names from a glassfish domain config:
例如，从 glassfish 域配置中提取实例名称：
$ getxml /tmp/test.xml "//server[@node-ref]/@name"
inst1
inst2
The sed post-processing just grabs all quoted values which was adequate for my needs (getting bits of glassfish config).
sed 后处理只是获取所有足以满足我需要的引用值（获取一些 glassfish 配置）。
