Linux 捕获 bash 命令的输出，解析它并存储到不同的 bash 变量中
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Capture output of a bash command, parse it and store into different bash variables
提问by Arpith
Explanation:
解释：
I have a small bashscript which simply runs anyLinux command (e.g. say ifconfig)
我有一个小的bash脚本，它可以简单地运行任何Linux 命令（例如说ifconfig）
The typical output of ifconfigis something like this:
ifconfig的典型输出是这样的：
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 30:F7:0D:6D:34:CA
inet addr:10.106.145.12 Bcast:10.106.145.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::32f7:dff:fe6d:34ca/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1104666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2171 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:444437904 (423.8 MiB) TX bytes:238380 (232.7 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:15900 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:15900 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:467306 (456.3 KiB) TX bytes:467306 (456.3 KiB)
Now what most people usually do is store the entireoutput into a file/variable and parse based on that. I however want to know if there is anyway that I could put specificparts of the output in more than one variable (say a bash variablecalled ${IPETH0}to carry the IP address 10.106.145.12from eth0and ${IPLO}to carry the IP address 127.0.0.1from loin the above example without running ifconfig command twice).
现在大多数人通常做的是将整个输出存储到文件/变量中并基于此进行解析。不过，我想知道是否有反正我可以把特定零件输出的多个变量（说bash的变量称为${IPETH0}承载IP地址10.106.145.12从为eth0和${IPLO}承载IP地址127.0.0.1从LO在上面的例子中不运行ifconfig 命令两次）。
Something like what teecommand does with the input but I want to do this for the outputand store the output into 2 or morevariables in one go. Any ideas?
类似于tee命令对输入执行的操作，但我想对输出执行此操作，并将输出一次性存储到 2 个或更多变量中。有任何想法吗？
采纳答案by Adrian Frühwirth
$ read IPETH0 IPLO <<< $(ifconfig | awk '/inet[[:space:]]/ { print }')
$ echo "${IPETH0}"
192.168.23.2
$ echo "${IPLO}"
127.0.0.1
This assumes the order of the eth0and lointerfaces, but it shows the basic idea.
这假定了eth0和lo接口的顺序，但它显示了基本思想。
回答by anubhava
You can use awk and bash arrays:
您可以使用 awk 和 bash 数组：
arr=( $(awk -F ':' ' == "inet addr"{sub(/ .*/, "", ); print }' < <(ifconfig)) )
Then you can do:
然后你可以这样做：
read IPETH0 IPLO <<< ${arr[@]}
回答by michael501
you can read each line of ifconfig and set variables :
您可以读取 ifconfig 的每一行并设置变量：
while read l1 ;do
if [[ $l1 =~ inet ]];then
set -- $l1
echo "ip is "
fi
done < <(ifconfig)
