Java Spring 启动测试“没有可用类型的合格 bean”
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Spring boot test "No qualifying bean of type available"
提问by fengye87
I'm quite a newbie to Spring boot, but here's the problem I'm facing now:
我是 Spring Boot 的新手，但这是我现在面临的问题：
// Application.java
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
@Autowired
private Cluster cluster = null;
@PostConstruct
private void migrateCassandra() {
Database database = new Database(this.cluster, "foo");
MigrationTask migration = new MigrationTask(database, new MigrationRepository());
migration.migrate();
}
}
So basically, I'm trying to bootstrap a spring application, and after that, do some cassandra migrations.
所以基本上，我正在尝试引导一个 spring 应用程序，然后做一些 cassandra 迁移。
I also have defined a repository for my user model:
我还为我的用户模型定义了一个存储库：
// UserRepo.java
public interface UserRepo extends CassandraRepository<User> {
}
Now I'm trying to test my repo class using the following simple test case:
现在我正在尝试使用以下简单的测试用例来测试我的 repo 类：
// UserRepoTest.java
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = Replace.NONE)
@DataJpaTest
public class UserRepoTest {
@Autowired
private UserRepo userRepo = null;
@Autowired
private TestEntityManager entityManager = null;
@Test
public void findOne_whenUserExists_thenReturnUser() {
String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
User user = new User();
user.setId(id);
this.entityManager.persist(user);
assertEquals(this.userRepo.findOne(user.getId()).getId(), id);
}
@Test
public void findOne_whenUserNotExists_thenReturnNull() {
assertNull(this.userRepo.findOne(UUID.randomUUID().toString()));
}
}
I would expect the test to pass, but instead, I got an error saying "No qualifying bean of type 'com.datastax.driver.core.Cluster' available". It looks like spring failed to autowire the clusterobject, but why is that? How do I fix this? Thanks a lot!
我希望测试通过，但相反，我收到一条错误消息，提示“没有可用的 'com.datastax.driver.core.Cluster' 类型的合格 bean”。看起来 spring 未能自动装配cluster对象，但这是为什么呢？我该如何解决？非常感谢！
采纳答案by JimHawkins
The test environment needs to know where your beans are defined, so you have to tell it the location.
测试环境需要知道你的 bean 是在哪里定义的，所以你必须告诉它位置。
In your test class, add the @ContextConfigurationannotation:
在您的测试类中，添加@ContextConfiguration注释：
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = Replace.NONE)
@DataJpaTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {YourBeans.class, MoreOfYourBeans.class})
public class UserRepoTest {
@Autowired
private UserRepo userRepo = null;
@Autowired
private TestEntityManager entityManager = null;
