Git：仅列出“未跟踪”的文件（还有自定义命令）
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Git: list only "untracked" files (also, custom commands)
提问by We Are All Monica
Is there a way to use a command like git ls-filesto show only untracked files?
有没有办法使用像git ls-files只显示未跟踪文件的命令？
The reason I'm asking is because I use the following command to process all deleted files:
我问的原因是因为我使用以下命令来处理所有已删除的文件：
git ls-files -d | xargs git rm
I'd like something similar for untracked files:
对于未跟踪的文件，我想要类似的东西：
git some-command --some-options | xargs git add
I was able to find the -ooption to git ls-files, but this isn't what I want because it also shows ignored files. I was also able to come up with the following long and ugly command:
我能够找到-o选项git ls-files，但这不是我想要的，因为它还显示被忽略的文件。我还想出了以下又长又丑的命令：
git status --porcelain | grep '^??' | cut -c4- | xargs git add
It seems like there's got to be a better command I can use here. And if there isn't, how do I create custom git commands?
似乎必须有一个更好的命令我可以在这里使用。如果没有，我该如何创建自定义 git 命令？
回答by takeshin
To list untracked files try:
要列出未跟踪的文件，请尝试：
git ls-files --others --exclude-standard
If you need to pipe the output to xargs, it is wise to mind white spaces using git ls-files -zand xargs -0:
如果您需要将输出通过管道传输到xargs，那么使用git ls-files -zand介意空格是明智的xargs -0：
git ls-files -z -o --exclude-standard | xargs -0 git add
Nice alias for adding untracked files:
添加未跟踪文件的好别名：
au = !git add $(git ls-files -o --exclude-standard)
Edit:For reference: git-ls-files
编辑：供参考：git-ls-files
回答by Dustin
If you just want to remove untracked files, do this:
如果您只想删除未跟踪的文件，请执行以下操作：
git clean -df
add xto that if you want to also include specifically ignored files. I use git clean -dfxa lotthroughout the day.
添加x到，如果你想也包括专门忽略的文件。我用git clean -dfx一个很多全天。
You can create custom git by just writing a script called git-whateverand having it in your path.
您可以通过编写一个名为的脚本git-whatever并将其放在您的路径中来创建自定义 git 。
回答by Mike Lococo
git add -A -nwill do what you want. -Aadds all untracked files to the repo, -nmakes it a dry-runwhere the add isn't performed but the status output is given listing each file that wouldhave been added.
git add -A -n会做你想做的。-A将所有未跟踪文件到回购，-n使得它dry-run不执行附加，但被赋予状态输出列出每个文件将被添加。
回答by youurayy
The accepted answer crashes on filenames with space. I'm at this point not sure how to update the alias command, so I'll put the improved version here:
接受的答案在带有空格的文件名上崩溃。我现在不确定如何更新别名命令，所以我将改进的版本放在这里：
git ls-files -z -o --exclude-standard | xargs -0 git add
回答by Valentyna
Everything is very simple
一切都很简单
To get list of all untracked files use command git statuswith option -u(--untracked-files)
要获取所有未跟踪文件的列表，请使用命令git status和选项-u(--untracked-files)
git status -u
回答by cmac
When looking for files to potentially add. The output from git showdoes that but it also includes a lot of other stuff. The following command is useful to get the same list of files but without all of the other stuff.
在寻找可能添加的文件时。来自的输出git show做到了这一点，但它还包括很多其他的东西。以下命令可用于获取相同的文件列表但不包含所有其他内容。
git status --porcelain | grep "^?? " | sed -e 's/^[?]* //'
This is useful when combined in a pipeline to find files matching a specific pattern and then piping that to git add.
当在管道中组合以查找匹配特定模式的文件，然后将其传送到git add.
git status --porcelain | grep "^?? " | sed -e 's/^[?]* //' | \
egrep "\.project$|\.settings$\.classfile$" | xargs -n1 git add
回答by code_fodder
I know its an old question, but in terms of listing untracked files I thought I would add another one which also lists untracked folders:
我知道这是一个老问题，但在列出未跟踪的文件方面，我想我会添加另一个也列出未跟踪文件夹的文件：
You can used the git clean operation with -n (dry run) to show you which files it will remove (including the .gitignore files) by:
您可以将 git clean 操作与 -n (dry run) 一起使用，以通过以下方式向您显示它将删除的文件（包括 .gitignore 文件）：
git clean -xdn
git clean -xdn
This has the advantage of showing all filesand all foldersthat are not tracked. Parameters:
这具有显示所有文件和所有未跟踪的文件夹的优点。参数：
x- Shows all untracked files (including ignored by git and others, like build output etc...)d- show untracked directoriesn- and most importantly!- dryrun, i.e. don't actually delete anything, just use the clean mechanism to display the results.
x- 显示所有未跟踪的文件（包括被 git 和其他人忽略的文件，如构建输出等...）d- 显示未跟踪的目录n- 最重要的是！- 空运行，即实际上不删除任何内容，只需使用清理机制来显示结果。
It can be a little bit unsafe to do it like this incase you forget the -n. So I usually alias it in git config.
这样做可能有点不安全，以防您忘记-n. 所以我通常在 git config 中给它起别名。
回答by Frank-Rene Sch?fer
All previous answers which I checked would list the files to be committed, too.
Here is a simple and easy solution that only lists files which are not yet in the
repo and not subject to .gitignore.
我之前检查过的所有答案也会列出要提交的文件。这是一个简单易行的解决方案，它只列出尚未在 repo 中且不受.gitignore.
git status --porcelain | awk '/^\?\?/ { print ; }'
or
或者
git status --porcelain | grep -v '\?\?'
回答by Tim Fulmer
I think this will so the same thing as the original poster intended:
我认为这与原始海报的意图相同：
git add .
git add .
