Linux 使用 ls 和 grep 查找可执行文件
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Finding executable files using ls and grep
提问by k13n
I have to write a script that finds all executable files in a directory. So I tried several ways to implement it and they actually work. But I wonder if there is a nicer way to do so.
我必须编写一个脚本来查找目录中的所有可执行文件。所以我尝试了几种方法来实现它，它们确实有效。但我想知道是否有更好的方法来做到这一点。
So this was my first approach:
所以这是我的第一种方法：
ls -Fla | grep \*$
This works fine, because the -F flag does the work for me and adds to each executable file an asterisk, but let's say I don't like the asterisk sign.
这工作正常，因为 -F 标志为我完成工作并向每个可执行文件添加一个星号，但假设我不喜欢星号。
So this was the second approach:
所以这是第二种方法：
ls -la | grep -E ^-.{2}x
This too works fine, I want a dash as first character, then I'm not interested in the next two characters and the fourth character must be a x.
这也很好用，我想要一个破折号作为第一个字符，然后我对接下来的两个字符不感兴趣，第四个字符必须是 x。
But there's a bit of ambiguity in the requirements, because I don't know whether I have to check for user, group or other executable permission. So this would work:
但是要求有点含糊，因为我不知道我是否必须检查用户、组或其他可执行权限。所以这会起作用：
ls -la | grep -E ^-.{2}x\|^-.{5}x\|^-.{8}x
So I'm testing the fourth, seventh and tenth character to be a x.
所以我正在测试第四个、第七个和第十个字符是 x。
Now my real question, is there a better solution using ls and grep with regex to say:
现在我真正的问题是，是否有更好的解决方案使用 ls 和 grep 与正则表达式说：
I want to grep only those files, having at least one x in the ten first characters of a line produced by ls -la
我只想 grep 那些文件，在产生的行的前十个字符中至少有一个 x ls -la
采纳答案by Dan
Do you need to use ls? You can use find to do the same:
你需要使用ls吗？您可以使用 find 来做同样的事情：
find . -maxdepth 1 -perm -111 -type f
will return all executable files in the current directory. Remove the -maxdepth flag to traverse all child directories.
将返回当前目录中的所有可执行文件。删除 -maxdepth 标志以遍历所有子目录。
You could try this terribleness but it might match files that contain strings that look like permissions.
您可以尝试这种可怕的方法，但它可能会匹配包含看起来像权限的字符串的文件。
ls -lsa | grep -E "[d\-](([rw\-]{2})x){1,3}"
回答by rmmh
If you absolutely must use ls and grep, this works:
如果您绝对必须使用 ls 和 grep，则此方法有效：
ls -Fla | grep '^\S*x\S*'
It matches lines where the first word (non-whitespace) contains at least one 'x'.
它匹配第一个单词（非空格）包含至少一个“x”的行。
Find is the perfect tool for this. This finds all files (-type f) that are executable:
Find 是一个完美的工具。这将查找所有可执行文件（-type f）：
find . -type f -executable
If you don't want it to recursively list all executables, use maxdepth:
如果您不希望它递归列出所有可执行文件，请使用 maxdepth：
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -executable
回答by David Poole
Perhaps with test -x?
也许用test -x？
for f in $(\ls) ; do test -x $f && echo $f ; done
The \ on ls will bypass shell aliases.
ls 上的 \ 将绕过 shell 别名。
回答by user842679
for i in `ls -l | awk '{ if ( ~ /x/ ) {print $NF}}'`; do echo `pwd`/$i; done
This gives absolute paths to the executables.
这给出了可执行文件的绝对路径。
回答by Alptekin Keskin
file * |grep "ELF 32-bit LSB executable"|awk '{print }'
