如何在 Ubuntu Linux 下编译 C++？

How to compile C++ under Ubuntu Linux?

提问by Carl Smotricz

I cut&pasted the below code from a previous questioninto a file called "avishay.cpp" and then ran

我将上一个问题中的以下代码剪切并粘贴到名为“avishay.cpp”的文件中，然后运行

gcc avishay.cpp

only to get the following error messages from the linker. What went wrong, what should I have done?

只是为了从链接器获取以下错误消息。出了什么问题，我应该怎么做？

carl@carl-ubuntu:~/Projects/StackOverflow$ gcc -static avishay.cpp 
/tmp/cccRNW34.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)':
avishay.cpp:(.text+0x41): undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::Init()'
avishay.cpp:(.text+0x46): undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::~Init()'
/tmp/cccRNW34.o: In function `A::func()':
avishay.cpp:(.text._ZN1A4funcEv[A::func()]+0x11): undefined reference to `std::cout'
avishay.cpp:(.text._ZN1A4funcEv[A::func()]+0x16): undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)'
avishay.cpp:(.text._ZN1A4funcEv[A::func()]+0x1e): undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)'
avishay.cpp:(.text._ZN1A4funcEv[A::func()]+0x26): undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& (*)(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&))'
avishay.cpp:(.text._ZN1A4funcEv[A::func()]+0x36): undefined reference to `std::cout'
avishay.cpp:(.text._ZN1A4funcEv[A::func()]+0x3b): undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(int)'
/tmp/cccRNW34.o:(.eh_frame+0x12): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

The C++ code (not my code, I was just trying to run it):

C++ 代码（不是我的代码，我只是想运行它）：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class A
{
private:
   int _dmember;

public:
   void func()
   {
     cout<<"Inside A!! "<<endl;
     cout<<_dmember; // crash when reach here.
   }
};

int main ()

{

    A* a= NULL;

    a->func(); // prints "Inside A!!!" 

    return 1;
}

回答by Thomas

You should use g++, not gcc, to compile C++ programs.

您应该使用g++，而不是gcc来编译 C++ 程序。

For this particular program, I just typed

对于这个特定的程序，我只是输入

make avishay

and let makefigure out the rest. Gives your executable a decent name, too, instead of a.out.

make剩下的就让我们来解决吧。也给你的可执行文件一个合适的名字，而不是a.out.

回答by Hymanrabbit

You probably should use g++ rather than gcc.

您可能应该使用 g++ 而不是 gcc。

回答by blwy10

Yes, use g++ to compile. It will automatically add all the references to libstdc++ which are necessary to link the program.

是的，使用 g++ 编译。它将自动添加链接程序所需的对 libstdc++ 的所有引用。

g++ source.cpp -o source

If you omit the -oparameter, the resultant executable will be named a.out. In any case, executable permissions have already been set, so no need to chmodanything.

如果省略该-o参数，则生成的可执行文件将命名为a.out. 无论如何，可执行权限已经设置，所以不需要chmod任何东西。

Also, the code will give you undefined behaviour (and probably a SIGSEGV) as you are dereferencing a NULL pointer and trying to call a member function on an object that doesn't exist, so it most certainly will not print anything. It will probably crash or do some funky dance.

此外，当您取消引用 NULL 指针并尝试在不存在的对象上调用成员函数时，代码会给您未定义的行为（可能还有 SIGSEGV），因此它肯定不会打印任何内容。它可能会崩溃或跳一些时髦的舞蹈。

回答by Manish Bhadani

Update your apt-get:

更新您的 apt-get：

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install g++

Run your program.cpp:

运行你的程序.cpp：

$ g++ program.cpp
$ ./a.out

回答by chris

Use

用

g++

加++

space followed by the program name. e.g:

空格后跟程序名称。例如：

g++ prog.cpp

g++ prog.cpp

if the filename was "prog.cpp" in this case. if you want to run the program write:

如果在这种情况下文件名为“prog.cpp”。如果你想运行程序写：

./prog

so i used

所以我用

"prog"

“编”

because it was my filename.

因为这是我的文件名。

回答by Javed

even you can compile your c++ code by gcc Sounds funny ?? Yes it is. try it

甚至你可以用 gcc 编译你的 C++ 代码 听起来很有趣？？是的。尝试一下

$  gcc avishay.cpp -lstdc++

enjoy

请享用

回答by monksy

g++ is the C++ compiler under linux. The code looks right. It is possible that you are missing a library reference which is used as such:

g++是linux下的C++编译器。代码看起来是正确的。您可能缺少这样使用的库参考：

g++ -l{library name here (math fns use "m")} codefile.cpp

g++ -l{此处为库名（数学 fns 使用“m”）} codefile.cpp

回答by monksy

Use g++. And make sure you have the relevant libraries installed.

使用 g++。并确保您安装了相关的库。

回答by MSharq

you can use g++ --std=c++0x example.cpp -o example

你可以使用 g++ --std=c++0x example.cpp -o example

回答by x0x

To compile source.cpp, run

要编译source.cpp，运行

g++ source.cpp

This command will compile source.cppto file a.outin the same directory. To run the compiled file, run

此命令将编译source.cpp为a.out同一目录中的文件。要运行编译的文件，请运行

./a.out

If you compile another source file, with g++ source2.cpp, the new compiled file a.outwill overwrite the a.outgenerated with source.cpp

如果你编译另一个源文件，用g++ source2.cpp，新编译的文件a.out将覆盖a.out生成的source.cpp

If you want to compile source.cppto a specific file, say compiledfile, run

如果要编译source.cpp为特定文件，请说compiledfile，运行

g++ source.cpp -o compiledfile

or

或者

g++ -o compiledfile source.cpp

This will create the compiledfilewhich is the compiled binary file. to run the compiledfile, run

这将创建compiledfile编译后的二进制文件。运行compiledfile，运行

./compiledfile

If g++is not in your $PATH, replace g++ with /usr/bin/g++.

如果g++不在您的 中$PATH，请将 g++ 替换为/usr/bin/g++.