相当于R表的python

python equivalent of R table

提问by Donbeo

I have a list

我有一个清单

[[12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0]]

I want to count the frequency of each element in this list. Something like

我想计算这个列表中每个元素的频率。就像是

freq[[12,6]] = 40

In R this can be obtained with the tablefunction. Is there anything similar in python3?

在 R 中，这可以通过table函数获得。python3中有类似的东西吗？

采纳答案by Brionius

A Counterobject from the collectionslibrary will function like that.

库中的Counter对象collections将具有这样的功能。

from collections import Counter

x = [[12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0]]

# Since the elements passed to a `Counter` must be hashable, we have to change the lists to tuples.
x = [tuple(element) for element in x]

freq = Counter(x)

print freq[(12,6)]

# Result:  28

回答by andilabs

import pandas
x = [[12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0]] 
ps = pandas.Series([tuple(i) for i in x])
counts = ps.value_counts()
print counts

you will get the result like:

你会得到如下结果：

(12, 0)    33
(12, 6)    28
(6, 0)     20
(0, 6)     19

and for [(12,6)]you will get exact number, here 28

并且[(12,6)]你会得到确切的数字，在这里28

more about pandas, which is powerful Python data analysis toolkit, you can read in official doc: http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/

更多关于pandas，这是一个强大的Python数据分析工具包，你可以阅读官方文档：http: //pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/

UPDATE:

更新：

If order does not matter just use sorted: ps = pandas.Series([tuple(sorted(i)) for i in x])after that result is:

如果顺序无关紧要，只需使用 sorted: ps = pandas.Series([tuple(sorted(i)) for i in x])之后的结果是：

(0, 6)     39
(0, 12)    33
(6, 12)    28

回答by Shankar Chavan

Pandas has a built-in function called value_counts().

Pandas 有一个名为value_counts().

Example: if your DataFrame has a column with values as 0's and 1's, and you want to count the total frequencies for each of them, then simply use this:

示例：如果您的 DataFrame 有一列值为 0 和 1，并且您想计算每个列的总频率，则只需使用以下命令：

df.colName.value_counts()

回答by thorbjornwolf

Supposing you need to convert the data to a pandas DataFrameanyway, so that you have

假设您无论如何都需要将数据转换为pandas DataFrame，以便您拥有

L = [[12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0]]
df = pd.DataFrame(L, columns=('a', 'b'))

then you can do as suggested in this answer, using groupby.size():

那么您可以按照此答案中的建议进行操作，使用groupby.size()：

tab = df.groupby(['a', 'b']).size()

tablooks as follows:

tab如下所示：

In [5]: tab
Out[5]:
a   b
0   6    19
6   0    20
12  0    33
    6    28
dtype: int64

and can easily be changed to a table form with unstack():

并且可以轻松地更改为表格形式unstack()：

In [6]: tab.unstack()
Out[6]:
b      0     6
a
0    NaN  19.0
6   20.0   NaN
12  33.0  28.0

Fill NaNsand convert to intat your own leisure!

填写NaNs并转换为int您自己的闲暇时间！

回答by erickfis

IMHO, pandas offers a better solution for this "tabulation" problem:

恕我直言，熊猫为这个“制表”问题提供了更好的解决方案：

One dimension:

一维：

my_tab = pd.crosstab(index = df["feature_you_r_interested_in"],
                              columns="count")

Proportion count:

比例计数：

my_tab/my_tab.sum()

Two-dimensions (with totals):

二维（带总数）：

cross = pd.crosstab(index=df["feat1"], 
                             columns=df["feat2"],
                             margins=True)

cross

Also, as mentioned by other coleagues, pandas value_counts method could be all you need. It is so good that you can have the counts as percentages if you want:

此外，正如其他同事所提到的，pandas value_counts 方法可能就是你所需要的。如果您愿意，您可以将计数作为百分比，这太好了：

df['your feature'].value_counts(normalize=True)

I'm very grateful for this blog:

我非常感谢这个博客：

http://hamelg.blogspot.com.br/2015/11/python-for-data-analysis-part-19_17.html

http://hamelg.blogspot.com.br/2015/11/python-for-data-analysis-part-19_17.html

回答by nachoes

You can probably do a 1-dimensional count with list comprehension.

您可能可以使用列表理解进行一维计数。

L = [[12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0]]
countey = [tuple(x) for x in L]
freq = {x:countey.count(x) for x in set(countey)}

In [2]: %timeit {x:countey.count(x) for x in set(countey)}
        100000 loops, best of 3: 15.2 μs per loop   

In [4]: print(freq)
Out[4]: {(0, 6): 19, (6, 0): 20, (12, 0): 33, (12, 6): 28}

In [5]: print(freq[(12,6)])
Out[5]: 28

回答by Sam Mason

In Numpy, the best way I've found of doing this is to use unique, e.g:

在 Numpy 中，我发现这样做的最好方法是使用unique，例如：

import numpy as np

# OPs data
arr = np.array([[12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [0, 6], [12, 0], [0, 6], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 6], [12, 6], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [0, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [12, 0], [12, 6], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 6], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [12, 0], [6, 0], [6, 0]])

values, counts = np.unique(arr, axis=0, return_counts=True)

# into a dict for presentation
{tuple(a):b for a,b in zip(values, counts)}

giving me: {(0, 6): 19, (6, 0): 20, (12, 0): 33, (12, 6): 28}which matches the other answers

给我：{(0, 6): 19, (6, 0): 20, (12, 0): 33, (12, 6): 28}这与其他答案相匹配

This example is a bit more complicated than I normally see, and hence the need for the axis=0option, if you just want unique values everywhere, you can just miss that out:

这个例子比我通常看到的要复杂一些，因此需要这个axis=0选项，如果你只是想要到处都是唯一的值，你可能会错过它：

# generate random values
x = np.random.negative_binomial(10, 10/(6+10), 100000)

# get table
values, counts = np.unique(x, return_counts=True)

# plot
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.vlines(values, 0, counts, lw=2)

R seems to make this sort of thing much more convenient! The above Python code is just plot(table(rnbinom(100000, 10, mu=6))).

R 似乎让这种事情变得更方便了！上面的 Python 代码只是plot(table(rnbinom(100000, 10, mu=6))).