Python 中的简单 URL GET/POST 函数

Simple URL GET/POST function in Python

提问by TIMEX

I can't seem to Google it, but I want a function that does this:

我似乎无法使用谷歌搜索它，但我想要一个执行此操作的函数：

Accept 3 arguments (or more, whatever):

接受 3 个参数（或更多，无论如何）：

• URL
• a dictionary of params
• POST or GET

• 网址
• 参数字典
• 发布或获取

Return me the results, and the response code.

将结果和响应代码返回给我。

Is there a snippet that does this?

是否有一个片段可以做到这一点？

采纳答案by bakkal

requests

要求

https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/

https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/

Here's a few common ways to use it:

以下是几种常用的使用方法：

import requests
url = 'https://...'
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}

# GET
r = requests.get(url)

# GET with params in URL
r = requests.get(url, params=payload)

# POST with form-encoded data
r = requests.post(url, data=payload)

# POST with JSON 
import json
r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(payload))

# Response, status etc
r.text
r.status_code

httplib2

httplib2

https://github.com/jcgregorio/httplib2

https://github.com/jcgregorio/httplib2

>>> from httplib2 import Http
>>> from urllib import urlencode
>>> h = Http()
>>> data = dict(name="Joe", comment="A test comment")
>>> resp, content = h.request("http://bitworking.org/news/223/Meet-Ares", "POST", urlencode(data))
>>> resp
{'status': '200', 'transfer-encoding': 'chunked', 'vary': 'Accept-Encoding,User-Agent',
 'server': 'Apache', 'connection': 'close', 'date': 'Tue, 31 Jul 2007 15:29:52 GMT', 
 'content-type': 'text/html'}

回答by Ian Wetherbee

You could use this to wrap urllib2:

您可以使用它来包装 urllib2：

def URLRequest(url, params, method="GET"):
    if method == "POST":
        return urllib2.Request(url, data=urllib.urlencode(params))
    else:
        return urllib2.Request(url + "?" + urllib.urlencode(params))

That will return a Requestobject that has result data and response codes.

这将返回一个包含结果数据和响应代码的Request对象。

回答by Paulo Scardine

import urllib

def fetch_thing(url, params, method):
    params = urllib.urlencode(params)
    if method=='POST':
        f = urllib.urlopen(url, params)
    else:
        f = urllib.urlopen(url+'?'+params)
    return (f.read(), f.code)


content, response_code = fetch_thing(
                              'http://google.com/', 
                              {'spam': 1, 'eggs': 2, 'bacon': 0}, 
                              'GET'
                         )

[Update]

[更新]

Some of these answers are old. Today I would use the requestsmodule like the answer by robaple.

其中一些答案是旧的。今天我会requests像 robaple 的答案一样使用该模块。

回答by ropable

Even easier: via the requestsmodule.

更简单：通过请求模块。

import requests
get_response = requests.get(url='http://google.com')
post_data = {'username':'joeb', 'password':'foobar'}
# POST some form-encoded data:
post_response = requests.post(url='http://httpbin.org/post', data=post_data)

To send data that is not form-encoded, send it serialised as a string (example taken from the documentation):

要发送非表单编码的数据，请将其序列化为字符串发送（示例取自文档）：

import json
post_response = requests.post(url='http://httpbin.org/post', data=json.dumps(post_data))
# If using requests v2.4.2 or later, pass the dict via the json parameter and it will be encoded directly:
post_response = requests.post(url='http://httpbin.org/post', json=post_data)

回答by grepit

I know you asked for GET and POST but I will provide CRUD since others may need this just in case: (this was tested in Python 3.7)

我知道你要求 GET 和 POST 但我会提供 CRUD 因为其他人可能需要这个以防万一：（这是在Python 3.7中测试的）

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import http.client
import json

print("\n GET example")
conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection("httpbin.org")
conn.request("GET", "/get")
response = conn.getresponse()
data = response.read().decode('utf-8')
print(response.status, response.reason)
print(data)


print("\n POST example")
conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection('httpbin.org')
headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'}
post_body = {'text': 'testing post'}
json_data = json.dumps(post_body)
conn.request('POST', '/post', json_data, headers)
response = conn.getresponse()
print(response.read().decode())
print(response.status, response.reason)


print("\n PUT example ")
conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection('httpbin.org')
headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'}
post_body ={'text': 'testing put'}
json_data = json.dumps(post_body)
conn.request('PUT', '/put', json_data, headers)
response = conn.getresponse()
print(response.read().decode(), response.reason)
print(response.status, response.reason)


print("\n delete example")
conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection('httpbin.org')
headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'}
post_body ={'text': 'testing delete'}
json_data = json.dumps(post_body)
conn.request('DELETE', '/delete', json_data, headers)
response = conn.getresponse()
print(response.read().decode(), response.reason)
print(response.status, response.reason)