使用 C# 在 LAN 上唤醒
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Wake on LAN using C#
提问by Sameet
What's the best way going forward to implement Wake on LAN using C#?
使用 C# 实现 LAN 唤醒的最佳方法是什么？
The functionality is needed for machines in a LAN environment (and not over the internet). The method needs to be robust enough to take care of firewalls and other such issues. Also, for systems not supporting this functionality, or having it disabled, is there an alternative?
LAN 环境（而不是 Internet）中的机器需要该功能。该方法需要足够健壮以处理防火墙和其他此类问题。此外，对于不支持此功能或禁用此功能的系统，是否有替代方法？
The primary objective - wake up machines (from shutdown/hibernate state) over the LAN - this is to be programmed using C#.
主要目标 - 通过 LAN 唤醒机器（从关机/休眠状态） - 这将使用 C# 进行编程。
Please guide.
请指导。
PS: I've come across the following:
PS：我遇到过以下情况：
- http://blog.memos.cz/index.php/team/2008/06/12/wake-on-lan-in-csharp
- http://community.bartdesmet.net/blogs/bart/archive/2006/04/02/3858.aspx
- http://www.codeproject.com/KB/IP/cswol.aspx
- http://blog.memos.cz/index.php/team/2008/06/12/wake-on-lan-in-csharp
- http://community.bartdesmet.net/blogs/bart/archive/2006/04/02/3858.aspx
- http://www.codeproject.com/KB/IP/cswol.aspx
However, I'm new to this and hence couldn't figure if the solutions were comprehensive enough. If someone could recommend following either of the above articles, that'd help.
但是，我对此很陌生，因此无法确定解决方案是否足够全面。如果有人可以推荐遵循上述任何一篇文章，那会有所帮助。
采纳答案by Oliver
For the WOL problem you have to clarify three problems to get it to work:
对于 WOL 问题，您必须澄清三个问题才能使其发挥作用：
- Send a WOL over the ethernet cable
- Configure your PC to listen for such a packet and wake up
- Make sure the packet will come from sender to receiver (firewall, gateways, etc.)
- 通过以太网电缆发送 WOL
- 配置您的 PC 以侦听此类数据包并唤醒
- 确保数据包将来自发送方到接收方（防火墙、网关等）
As you already found on the net there are existing several solutions for the first problem programmed in C# (and after skim your links i would start with the first one).
正如您已经在网上发现的那样，对于用 C# 编程的第一个问题，存在多种解决方案（浏览您的链接后，我将从第一个开始）。
The second one is something you can only achieve by configuring your network adapter. Just open the device manager and take a look into the properties of your network adapter, if such an option exists and if you can enable it. This can't be programmed, due to the fact that every network adapter has another implementation of that function and how it can be enabled.
第二个是您只能通过配置网络适配器来实现的。只需打开设备管理器并查看网络适配器的属性，如果存在此类选项并且您可以启用它。这无法编程，因为每个网络适配器都有该功能的另一种实现以及如何启用它。
The third problem can't also be solved by C#. It is a pure network problem, where you have to configure your router, gateways, ids-systems, etc. to allow such a packet and let it flow from sender to receiver. Due to the fact, that a WOL packet is always a broadcast packet (dest-ip 255.255.255.255) it won't leave your local network and will always be dropped from router, gateways or any other bridge between to networks (e.g. vpns, etc.).
第三个问题也不能用C#解决。这是一个纯粹的网络问题，你必须配置你的路由器、网关、ids-systems 等，以允许这样的数据包并让它从发送者流向接收者。由于 WOL 数据包始终是广播数据包 (dest-ip 255.255.255.255)，它不会离开您的本地网络，并且始终会从路由器、网关或网络之间的任何其他桥接器（例如 vpns、等等。）。
Last but not least i will just remind you, that the first problem can be divided into some smaller packets but as far as i could see these problems are all capped by the links you provided.
最后但并非最不重要的一点是，我会提醒您，第一个问题可以分为一些较小的数据包，但据我所知，这些问题都受到您提供的链接的限制。
回答by Poul Bak
Very old question, I know, but still valid. Since I didn't see any C# in the accepted answer, I wrote my own 'Wake On Lan' code.
很老的问题，我知道，但仍然有效。由于我在接受的答案中没有看到任何 C#，因此我编写了自己的“Wake On Lan”代码。
My goal was to make a universal and easy Wake On Lan classthat:
我的目标是制作一个通用且简单的Wake On Lan class：
- works with ipv4, ipv6and dual-stack.
- works with one or multiple network cards(NICS) connected to different networks (both computers).
- works with macaddressin any standard hex format.
- works using multicast(broadcast is buggy in Windows when using multiple NICs and is not supported when using ipv6).
- 适用于ipv4、ipv6和dual-stack。
- 适用于连接到不同网络（两台计算机）的一个或多个网卡(NICS)。
- 适用于任何标准十六进制格式的macaddress。
- 使用多播工作（使用多个 NIC 时，Windows 中的广播有问题，使用 ipv6 时不受支持）。
How to use:
如何使用：
All you need, is the MAC addressof the wirednic on the computer you wish to wake up. Any standard hex representation will do. Then call the code like this:
所有你需要的，是MAC地址的的有线要唤醒计算机上的网卡。任何标准的十六进制表示都可以。然后像这样调用代码：
string mac = "01-02-03-04-05-06";
await WOL.WakeOnLan(mac);
Here's the class:
这是课程：
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public static class WOL
{
public static async Task WakeOnLan(string macAddress)
{
byte[] magicPacket = BuildMagicPacket(macAddress);
foreach (NetworkInterface networkInterface in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces().Where((n) =>
n.NetworkInterfaceType != NetworkInterfaceType.Loopback && n.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up))
{
IPInterfaceProperties iPInterfaceProperties = networkInterface.GetIPProperties();
foreach (MulticastIPAddressInformation multicastIPAddressInformation in iPInterfaceProperties.MulticastAddresses)
{
IPAddress multicastIpAddress = multicastIPAddressInformation.Address;
if (multicastIpAddress.ToString().StartsWith("ff02::1%", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) // Ipv6: All hosts on LAN (with zone index)
{
UnicastIPAddressInformation unicastIPAddressInformation = iPInterfaceProperties.UnicastAddresses.Where((u) =>
u.Address.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6 && !u.Address.IsIPv6LinkLocal).FirstOrDefault();
if (unicastIPAddressInformation != null)
{
await SendWakeOnLan(unicastIPAddressInformation.Address, multicastIpAddress, magicPacket);
break;
}
}
else if (multicastIpAddress.ToString().Equals("224.0.0.1")) // Ipv4: All hosts on LAN
{
UnicastIPAddressInformation unicastIPAddressInformation = iPInterfaceProperties.UnicastAddresses.Where((u) =>
u.Address.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork && !iPInterfaceProperties.GetIPv4Properties().IsAutomaticPrivateAddressingActive).FirstOrDefault();
if (unicastIPAddressInformation != null)
{
await SendWakeOnLan(unicastIPAddressInformation.Address, multicastIpAddress, magicPacket);
break;
}
}
}
}
}
static byte[] BuildMagicPacket(string macAddress) // MacAddress in any standard HEX format
{
macAddress = Regex.Replace(macAddress, "[: -]", "");
byte[] macBytes = new byte[6];
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
macBytes[i] = Convert.ToByte(macAddress.Substring(i * 2, 2), 16);
}
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (BinaryWriter bw = new BinaryWriter(ms))
{
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) //First 6 times 0xff
{
bw.Write((byte)0xff);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) // then 16 times MacAddress
{
bw.Write(macBytes);
}
}
return ms.ToArray(); // 102 bytes magic packet
}
}
static async Task SendWakeOnLan(IPAddress localIpAddress, IPAddress multicastIpAddress, byte[] magicPacket)
{
using (UdpClient client = new UdpClient(new IPEndPoint(localIpAddress, 0)))
{
await client.SendAsync(magicPacket, magicPacket.Length, multicastIpAddress.ToString(), 9);
}
}
}
How it works:
这个怎么运作：
The code works by enumerating all network cards that are 'up' and connected to your network (that's usually just one). It will send out the 'magic packet' to all your connected networks using multicast, which works with both ipv4 and ipv6 (don't worry about flooding your network, it's only 102 bytes).
该代码的工作原理是枚举所有“启动”并连接到您的网络的网卡（通常只有一张）。它将使用多播将“魔法数据包”发送到您所有连接的网络，它适用于 ipv4 和 ipv6（不要担心网络泛滥，它只有 102 字节）。
To work, the computer, you want to wake up, must have a wiredconnection (wireless computers can't be woken up, since they aren't connected to any network, when they are off). The computer, that sends the packet, can be wireless connected.
为了工作，你想唤醒的计算机必须有有线连接（无线计算机不能被唤醒，因为它们没有连接到任何网络，当它们关闭时）。发送数据包的计算机可以无线连接。
Firewalls are usually no problem, since the computer is off and hence the firewall is not active.
防火墙通常没有问题，因为计算机已关闭，因此防火墙未处于活动状态。
You must make sure that 'Wake on lan'is enabledin the comuter's BIOSand on the network card.
你必须确保'Wake on lan'是enabled在大型机的BIOS和上网卡。
