ios 从 CGImage 获取 RGB 像素数据

Getting RGB pixel data from CGImage

提问by Rich

I am trying to access pixel data from a CGImage. I want to be able to access the RGB values as integers. I think I am nearly there with this code:

我正在尝试从 CGImage 访问像素数据。我希望能够以整数形式访问 RGB 值。我想我差不多有了这个代码：

UIImage* theImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"rgb.png"];
CGImageRef cgImageRef = CGImageRetain(theImage.CGImage);
CFDataRef* imageData = CGDataProviderCopyData(CGImageGetDataProvider(cgImageRef));
NSLog(@"the data = %@", imageData);

This then logs:

然后记录：

the data = <010002fe fffdff02 0200fe04 0003fc>

数据 = <010002fe fffdff02 0200fe04 0003fc>

The image is a 5x1 png containing a black, white, red, green and blue pixel in that order.

该图像是一个 5x1 的 png，按顺序包含黑色、白色、红色、绿色和蓝色像素。

I don't really understand what I am looking at here. How can I get an array of RGB values, or something similar so I can work with them.

我真的不明白我在这里看什么。我如何获得一组 RGB 值或类似的值，以便我可以使用它们。

Thanks, Rich

谢谢，丰富

回答by fieldtensor

Here's some sample code that will print a bunch of relevant info about an image, as well as a dump of the image's pixel data. It will work on images with alpha channels, as well as images without. The code will even work on images that are not in the RGB color space, though I doubt you'd be likely to get any of those on iOS.

下面是一些示例代码，它将打印一堆有关图像的相关信息，以及图像像素数据的转储。它可以处理带有 alpha 通道的图像，也可以处理没有 alpha 通道的图像。该代码甚至可以处理不在 RGB 颜色空间中的图像，尽管我怀疑您可能会在 iOS 上获得这些图像。

Copy-paste it into your project and try to run it against a few of your image files, and then perhaps you can adapt it to your needs

将其复制粘贴到您的项目中并尝试针对您的一些图像文件运行它，然后也许您可以根据自己的需要进行调整

-(void)imageDump:(NSString*)file
{
    UIImage* image = [UIImage imageNamed:file];
    CGImageRef cgimage = image.CGImage;

    size_t width  = CGImageGetWidth(cgimage);
    size_t height = CGImageGetHeight(cgimage);

    size_t bpr = CGImageGetBytesPerRow(cgimage);
    size_t bpp = CGImageGetBitsPerPixel(cgimage);
    size_t bpc = CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(cgimage);
    size_t bytes_per_pixel = bpp / bpc;

    CGBitmapInfo info = CGImageGetBitmapInfo(cgimage);

    NSLog(
        @"\n"
        "===== %@ =====\n"
        "CGImageGetHeight: %d\n"
        "CGImageGetWidth:  %d\n"
        "CGImageGetColorSpace: %@\n"
        "CGImageGetBitsPerPixel:     %d\n"
        "CGImageGetBitsPerComponent: %d\n"
        "CGImageGetBytesPerRow:      %d\n"
        "CGImageGetBitmapInfo: 0x%.8X\n"
        "  kCGBitmapAlphaInfoMask     = %s\n"
        "  kCGBitmapFloatComponents   = %s\n"
        "  kCGBitmapByteOrderMask     = 0x%.8X\n"
        "  kCGBitmapByteOrderDefault  = %s\n"
        "  kCGBitmapByteOrder16Little = %s\n"
        "  kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little = %s\n"
        "  kCGBitmapByteOrder16Big    = %s\n"
        "  kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big    = %s\n",
        file,
        (int)width,
        (int)height,
        CGImageGetColorSpace(cgimage),
        (int)bpp,
        (int)bpc,
        (int)bpr,
        (unsigned)info,
        (info & kCGBitmapAlphaInfoMask)     ? "YES" : "NO",
        (info & kCGBitmapFloatComponents)   ? "YES" : "NO",
        (info & kCGBitmapByteOrderMask),
        ((info & kCGBitmapByteOrderMask) == kCGBitmapByteOrderDefault)  ? "YES" : "NO",
        ((info & kCGBitmapByteOrderMask) == kCGBitmapByteOrder16Little) ? "YES" : "NO",
        ((info & kCGBitmapByteOrderMask) == kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little) ? "YES" : "NO",
        ((info & kCGBitmapByteOrderMask) == kCGBitmapByteOrder16Big)    ? "YES" : "NO",
        ((info & kCGBitmapByteOrderMask) == kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big)    ? "YES" : "NO"
    );

    CGDataProviderRef provider = CGImageGetDataProvider(cgimage);
    NSData* data = (id)CGDataProviderCopyData(provider);
    [data autorelease];
    const uint8_t* bytes = [data bytes];

    printf("Pixel Data:\n");
    for(size_t row = 0; row < height; row++)
    {
        for(size_t col = 0; col < width; col++)
        {
            const uint8_t* pixel =
                &bytes[row * bpr + col * bytes_per_pixel];

            printf("(");
            for(size_t x = 0; x < bytes_per_pixel; x++)
            {
                printf("%.2X", pixel[x]);
                if( x < bytes_per_pixel - 1 )
                    printf(",");
            }

            printf(")");
            if( col < width - 1 )
                printf(", ");
        }

        printf("\n");
    }
}

Here's some sample output on two images I tried. They're both 5x3 rgb. The "a.png" image has an alpha channel, while the "b.rgb" does not.

这是我尝试过的两个图像的一些示例输出。它们都是 5x3 rgb。"a.png" 图像有一个 alpha 通道，而 "b.rgb" 没有。

===== a.png =====
CGImageGetHeight: 5
CGImageGetWidth:  3
CGImageGetColorSpace: <CGColorSpace 0x4d08ff0> (kCGColorSpaceDeviceRGB)
CGImageGetBitsPerPixel:     32
CGImageGetBitsPerComponent: 8
CGImageGetBytesPerRow:      20
CGImageGetBitmapInfo: 0x00000003
  kCGBitmapAlphaInfoMask     = YES
  kCGBitmapFloatComponents   = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrderMask     = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrderDefault  = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrder16Little = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrder16Big    = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big    = NO
Pixel Data:
(00,00,00,FF), (FF,FF,FF,FF), (FF,00,00,FF), (00,FF,00,FF), (00,00,FF,FF)
(00,00,00,FF), (FF,FF,FF,FF), (FF,00,00,FF), (00,FF,00,FF), (00,00,FF,FF)
(FF,FF,FF,00), (FF,FF,FF,00), (FF,FF,FF,00), (FF,FF,FF,00), (FF,FF,FF,00)


===== b.png =====
CGImageGetHeight: 5
CGImageGetWidth:  3
CGImageGetColorSpace: <CGColorSpace 0x4d08ff0> (kCGColorSpaceDeviceRGB)
CGImageGetBitsPerPixel:     24
CGImageGetBitsPerComponent: 8
CGImageGetBytesPerRow:      15
CGImageGetBitmapInfo: 0x00000000
  kCGBitmapAlphaInfoMask     = NO
  kCGBitmapFloatComponents   = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrderMask     = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrderDefault  = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrder16Little = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrder16Big    = NO
  kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big    = NO
Pixel Data:
(00,00,00), (FF,FF,FF), (FF,00,00), (00,FF,00), (00,00,FF)
(00,00,00), (FF,FF,FF), (FF,00,00), (00,FF,00), (00,00,FF)
(00,00,00), (FF,FF,FF), (FF,00,00), (00,FF,00), (00,00,FF)