在 AWS EC2 上安装 Ruby 2.0 和 Rails 4.0.0beta
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Installing Ruby 2.0 and Rails 4.0.0beta on AWS EC2
提问by Paul Ardeleanu
Installing Ruby 2.0.0 and Rails 4.0.0beta1 on the default Amazon EC2 Linux install (Amazon Linux AMI 2012.09.1) goes smoothly. But openssl gets in the way (eg http://railsapps.github.com/openssl-certificate-verify-failed.html) and weird either prevent openssl from getting installed or causing the RubyGem package manager from installing rails.
在默认的 Amazon EC2 Linux 安装 (Amazon Linux AMI 2012.09.1) 上安装 Ruby 2.0.0 和 Rails 4.0.0beta1 很顺利。但是 openssl 妨碍了（例如http://railsapps.github.com/openssl-certificate-verify-failed.html）并且很奇怪，要么阻止 openssl 安装，要么导致 RubyGem 包管理器安装 rails。
How can I work around these problems?
我该如何解决这些问题？
回答by Paul Ardeleanu
Log into your brand new instance:
登录您的全新实例：
[19:59:22] paul:~ $ ssh -i ~/.ssh/server.pem [email protected]
__| __|_ )
_| ( / Amazon Linux AMI
___|\___|___|
https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-ami/2012.09-release-notes/
and impersonate the root:
并模拟根：
$ sudo su -
You are logged in as root from here. Apply the server updates:
您从这里以 root 身份登录。应用服务器更新：
[root@ip-xx ~]# yum update
...
Complete!
[root@ip-xx ~]# yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
...
Install 72 Package(s)
...
Complete!
Now, this is where it differs from the standard solution. Install RVM but without a distribution of ruby:
现在，这就是它与标准解决方案不同的地方。安装 RVM 但没有分发 ruby：
[root@ip-xx ~]# \curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 184 100 184 0 0 135 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 183
100 11861 100 11861 0 0 7180 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 64113
Downloading RVM from wayneeseguin branch stable
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 124 100 124 0 0 161 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 185
100 1615k 100 1615k 0 0 258k 0 0:00:06 0:00:06 --:--:-- 401k
Installing RVM to /usr/local/rvm/
Creating group 'rvm'
# RVM: Shell scripts enabling management of multiple ruby environments.
# RTFM: https://rvm.io/
# HELP: http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=rvm (#rvm on irc.freenode.net)
# Cheatsheet: http://cheat.errtheblog.com/s/rvm/
# Screencast: http://screencasts.org/episodes/how-to-use-rvm
# In case of any issues read output of 'rvm requirements' and/or 'rvm notes'
Installation of RVM in /usr/local/rvm/ is almost complete:
* First you need to add all users that will be using rvm to 'rvm' group,
and logout - login again, anyone using rvm will be operating with `umask u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx`.
* To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh`
in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.
# root,
#
# Thank you for using RVM!
# I sincerely hope that RVM helps to make your life easier and
# more enjoyable!!!
#
# ~Wayne
Let's check that no ruby version is installed:
让我们检查是否没有安装 ruby 版本：
[root@ip-xx ~]# rvm list
rvm rubies
# No rvm rubies installed yet. Try 'rvm help install'.
Now, openssl is already installed on the system but is incompatible with setup:
现在，系统上已经安装了 openssl 但与安装程序不兼容：
[root@ip-xx ~]# openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.0k-fips 5 Feb 2013
[root@ip-xx ~]# openssl version -d
OPENSSLDIR: "/etc/pki/tls"
Attempting to install ruby2 with this version will result in the following error:
尝试使用此版本安装 ruby2 将导致以下错误：
[root@ip-xx ~]# rvm install 2.0.0 -- --with-openssl-dir=/etc/pki/tls
Fetching yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /usr/local/rvm/archives
######################################################################## 100.0%
Extracting yaml to /usr/local/rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4
Prepare yaml in /usr/local/rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Configuring yaml in /usr/local/rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Compiling yaml in /usr/local/rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Installing yaml to /usr/local/rvm/usr
Installing Ruby from source to: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #downloading ruby-2.0.0-p0, this may take a while depending on your connection...
######################################################################## 100.0%
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #extracting ruby-2.0.0-p0 to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.0.0-p0
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #extracted to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.0.0-p0
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #configuring
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #compiling
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #installing
Retrieving rubygems-2.0.3
######################################################################## 100.0%
Extracting rubygems-2.0.3 ...
Removing old Rubygems files...
Installing rubygems-2.0.3 for ruby-2.0.0-p0 ...
Error running 'env GEM_PATH=/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global GEM_HOME=/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0 /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby /usr/local/rvm/src/rubygems-2.0.3/setup.rb', please read /usr/local/rvm/log/ruby-2.0.0-p0/rubygems.install.log
Installation of rubygems did not complete successfully.
Saving wrappers to '/usr/local/rvm/bin'.
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #adjusting #shebangs for (gem irb erb ri rdoc testrb rake).
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/gem'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/irb'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/erb'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ri'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/rdoc'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/testrb'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/rake'? y
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #importing default gemsets, this may take time ...
Install of ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #complete
Although you'll get ruby2, the "Installation of rubygems did not complete successfully" - notice the warning: "Error running 'env GEM_PATH=..."
尽管您将获得 ruby2，但“rubygems 的安装未成功完成” - 请注意警告：“Error running 'env GEM_PATH=...”
Instead, we'll get RVM install a copy of openssl for us (see https://rvm.io/packages/openssl/). The zlib-devel package is required:
相反，我们将让 RVM 为我们安装 openssl 的副本（请参阅https://rvm.io/packages/openssl/）。需要 zlib-devel 包：
[root@ip-xx ~]# yum install zlib-devel
...
Installed:
zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.5-7.11.amzn1
Complete!
[root@ip-xx ~]# rvm pkg install openssl
Fetching openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz to /usr/local/rvm/archives
Extracting openssl to /usr/local/rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c
Configuring openssl in /usr/local/rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Compiling openssl in /usr/local/rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Installing openssl to /usr/local/rvm/usr
Please note that it's required to reinstall all rubies:
rvm reinstall all --force
Updating openssl certificates
We can now install ruby2:
我们现在可以安装 ruby2：
[root@ip-xx ~]# rvm reinstall 2.0.0 --with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/rvm/usr
Removing /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.0.0-p0...
Removing /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0...
Installing Ruby from source to: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #downloading ruby-2.0.0-p0, this may take a while depending on your connection...
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #extracting ruby-2.0.0-p0 to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.0.0-p0
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #extracted to /usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.0.0-p0
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #configuring
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #compiling
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #installing
Removing old Rubygems files...
Installing rubygems-2.0.3 for ruby-2.0.0-p0 ...
Installation of rubygems completed successfully.
Saving wrappers to '/usr/local/rvm/bin'.
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #adjusting #shebangs for (gem irb erb ri rdoc testrb rake).
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/gem'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/irb'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/erb'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ri'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/rdoc'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/testrb'? y
cp: overwrite `/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/rake'? y
ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #importing default gemsets, this may take time ...
Install of ruby-2.0.0-p0 - #complete
Making gemset ruby-2.0.0-p0 pristine.
Making gemset ruby-2.0.0-p0@global pristine.
[root@ip-xx ~]# ruby -v
ruby 2.0.0p0 (2013-02-24 revision 39474) [x86_64-linux]
And rails4:
和 rails4：
[root@ip-xx ~]# gem install rails -v 4.0.0beta1
...
28 gems installed
[root@ip-xx ~]# gem list
*** LOCAL GEMS ***
actionmailer (4.0.0.beta1)
actionpack (4.0.0.beta1)
activemodel (4.0.0.beta1)
activerecord (4.0.0.beta1)
activerecord-deprecated_finders (0.0.3)
activesupport (4.0.0.beta1)
arel (4.0.0.beta2)
atomic (1.0.1)
bigdecimal (1.2.0)
builder (3.1.4)
bundler (1.3.4)
erubis (2.7.0)
hike (1.2.1)
i18n (0.6.4)
io-console (0.4.2)
json (1.7.7)
mail (2.5.3)
mime-types (1.21)
minitest (4.3.2)
multi_json (1.7.1)
polyglot (0.3.3)
psych (2.0.0)
rack (1.5.2)
rack-test (0.6.2)
rails (4.0.0.beta1)
railties (4.0.0.beta1)
rake (10.0.3, 0.9.6)
rdoc (4.0.0, 3.12.2)
rubygems-bundler (1.1.1)
rvm (1.11.3.6)
sprockets (2.9.0)
sprockets-rails (2.0.0.rc3)
test-unit (2.0.0.0)
thor (0.17.0)
thread_safe (0.1.0)
tilt (1.3.6)
treetop (1.4.12)
tzinfo (0.3.37)
That's all folks!
这就是所有的人！
回答by James Lim
Here is a variant with rbenv.
这是 rbenv 的一个变体。
SSH into your brand new instance:
SSH 到您的全新实例：
__| __|_ )
_| ( / Amazon Linux AMI
___|\___|___|
https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-ami/2012.09-release-notes/
There are 16 security update(s) out of 57 total update(s) available
Run "sudo yum update" to apply all updates.
Amazon Linux version 2013.03 is available.
[jimjh ~]$ ruby --version
ruby 1.9.3p286 (2012-10-12 revision 37165) [x86_64-linux]
Impersonate the root and apply server updates:
模拟 root 并应用服务器更新：
$> sudo su -
$> yum update
Install couple of packages:
安装几个包：
$> yum install git pcre pcre-devel
Clone rbenv:
克隆rbenv：
$> git clone git://github.com/sstephenson/rbenv.git /usr/local/rbenv
Create the following file:
创建以下文件：
# /etc/profile.d/rbenv.sh
export RBENV_ROOT=/usr/local/rbenv
export PATH="${RBENV_ROOT}/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(rbenv init -)"
Install ruby-build:
安装ruby-build：
$> . /etc/profile
$> git clone https://github.com/sstephenson/ruby-build.git /usr/local/rbenv/plugins/ruby-build
Install ruby:
安装红宝石：
$> rbenv install 2.0.0-p195 # wait ...
$> rbenv global 2.0.0-p195
$> rbenv rehash
Update rubygems and install passenger:
更新 rubygems 并安装乘客：
$> gem update --system
$> gem install bundler
$> gem install passenger
Install nginx through passenger:
通过passenger安装nginx：
$> passenger start
At the time of writing, the latest version of passenger is 4.0.0, which works with ruby 2.0.0.
在撰写本文时，乘客的最新版本是 4.0.0，可与 ruby 2.0.0 配合使用。
Elastic BeanstalkIf you are using Elastic Beanstalk, stop passenger
Elastic Beanstalk如果您使用的是 Elastic Beanstalk，请停止乘客
$> sudo service passenger stop
Initialize rbenv by adding the following to /opt/elasticbeanstalk/support/envvars.d/appenv
通过添加以下内容来初始化 rbenv /opt/elasticbeanstalk/support/envvars.d/appenv
. /etc/profile.d/rbenv.sh
Start passenger
开始乘客
$> sudo service passenger start
