bash 如何在shell中拆分字符串
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15409947/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
How to split a string in shell
提问by XYZ_Linux
I have a variable as
我有一个变量
string="ABC400p2q4".
how can I separate ABC400and p2q4.
I need to separate it in two variables in such a way that as a result I get
我怎么能分开ABC400和p2q4。我需要将它分成两个变量，结果我得到
echo $var1
ABC400
echo $var2
p2q4
In place of ABC there can be any alphabetic characters; in place of 400 there can be any other digits; but pand qare fixed and in place of 2 and 4 as well there can be any digit.
代替 ABC 可以有任何字母字符；可以有任何其他数字代替 400；但是pandq是固定的，可以代替 2 和 4 并且可以是任何数字。
回答by Chris Seymour
No need to split based on a regexp pattern as they are fixed length substrings. In pure bashyou would do:
无需根据正则表达式模式进行拆分，因为它们是固定长度的子字符串。纯粹bash你会这样做：
$ string="ABC400p2q4"
$ var1=${string:0:6}
$ var2=${string:6}
$ echo $var1
ABC400
$ echo $var2
p2q4
回答by Gilles Quenot
回答by Gilles Quenot
Try doing this
尝试这样做
using bash& process substitution(non fixed length) :
read var1 var2 < <(sed -r 's/^[a-zA-Z]+[0-9]+/& /' <<< 'ABC400p2q4')
or this using a here-string
或使用此处的字符串
read var1 var2 <<< $(sed -r 's/^[a-zA-Z]+[0-9]+/& /' <<< 'ABC400p2q4')
or with the short sed substitutionversion from Kent
或sed substitution来自肯特的简短版本
's/([0-9])p/ p/'
Note
笔记
&in the sedcommand stands for the matching left part of the substitutions///
&在sed命令中代表替换的匹配左侧部分s///
Output
输出
$ echo $var1
ABC400
$ echo $var2
p2q4
回答by Spencer Rathbun
The answer provided by sudo_O is perfect if your strings stay single length. But, if that isn't the case, bash does provide you with string regex matching builtins.
如果您的字符串保持单一长度，则 sudo_O 提供的答案是完美的。但是，如果情况并非如此，bash 确实为您提供了字符串正则表达式匹配 builtins。
$ string="ABC400p2q4"
$ var1=$( expr match "$string" '\(.{6}\)' )
$ var2=$( expr match "$string" '.*\(.{4}\)' )
Replace the regex with whatever you actually need.
用您实际需要的任何内容替换正则表达式。
