Linux 将 OpenSSL 库链接到程序
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Linking OpenSSL libraries to a program
提问by mrduclaw
I have built OpenSSL from source (an intentionally old version; built with ./config && make && make test) and would prefer to use what I have built without doing make installto link against my program.
我已经从源代码（一个故意的旧版本；使用 构建./config && make && make test）构建了 OpenSSL，并且更愿意使用我构建的内容，而无需make install链接到我的程序。
The command that's failing is:
失败的命令是：
gcc -Wall -Wextra -Werror -static -Lopenssl/openssl-0.9.8k/ -lssl -lcrypto
-Iopenssl/openssl-0.9.8k/include -o myApp source1.o source2.o common.o`
And I receive a series of errors similar to:
我收到一系列类似于以下内容的错误：
common.c:(.text+0x1ea): undefined reference to `SSL_write'
This makes me think there's something funky with my OpenSSL. If I omit -Lopenssl/openssl-0.9.8k/from my command, the error changes to being unable to:
这让我觉得我的 OpenSSL 有点奇怪。如果我-Lopenssl/openssl-0.9.8k/从我的命令中省略，错误将更改为无法：
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lssl
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lcrypto
Am I compiling OpenSSL incorrectly? Or how should I best resolve this?
我是否错误地编译了 OpenSSL？或者我应该如何最好地解决这个问题？
采纳答案by mrduclaw
Silly "Linux-isms" strike again! Apparently, I need to change my command such that the -Land -lstuff is at the endlike (despite what man gccseems to indicate):
愚蠢的“Linux 主义”再次罢工！显然，我需要更改我的命令，使-Land 的-l东西最后像（尽管man gcc似乎表明）：
gcc -Wall -Wextra -Werror -static -o myApp source1.o source2.o common.o -Lopenssl/openssl-0.9.8k/ -lssl -lcrypto -Iopenssl/openssl-0.9.8k/include
gcc -Wall -Wextra -Werror -static -o myApp source1.o source2.o common.o -Lopenssl/openssl-0.9.8k/ -lssl -lcrypto -Iopenssl/openssl-0.9.8k/include
回答by jopasserat
Why don't you want to use make install? It can copy generated binaries in the directory you want if you previously passed it to ./configure --prefix $HOME/target_library_install_directory
你为什么不想使用make install？如果您之前将它传递给它，它可以将生成的二进制文件复制到您想要的目录中./configure --prefix $HOME/target_library_install_directory
If you used this trick with every library you build and install, you could then add the target directory to the LIBRARY_PATHenvironment variable and avoid using -L option.
如果您在构建和安装的每个库中都使用了这个技巧，那么您可以将目标目录添加到LIBRARY_PATH环境变量中并避免使用 -L 选项。
回答by jww
If you use Autotools, or you are building an Autools project like cURL, then you should be able to use pkg-config. The idea is the Autotools package will read OpenSSL's package configuration and things will "just work" for you.
如果您使用 Autotools，或者您正在构建一个 Autools 项目，例如cURL，那么您应该能够使用pkg-config. 这个想法是 Autotools 包将读取 OpenSSL 的包配置，事情会为你“正常工作”。
The OpenSSL package configuration library name is openssl.
OpenSSL 包配置库名称是openssl.
You would use it like so in a makefile based project.
您可以在基于 makefile 的项目中像这样使用它。
%.o: %.c
$(CC) -o $@ -c `pkg-config --cflags openssl` $^
target: foo.o bar.o baz.o
$(CC) -o $@ `pkg-config --libs openssl` $^
Also see How to use pkg-config in Makeand How to use pkg-config to link a library statically.
