Linux 如何对带有 [] 等特殊字符的字符串进行 grep？
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How do I grep for strings with special characters like []?
提问by user2507818
I am trying to find all the files has text: $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS'], I tried to use grep -rl '$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS']' ., but later on found []has special meaning as search pattern. So what is the right command for searching text $GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS']?
我试图找到所有具有 text: 的文件$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS']，我尝试使用grep -rl '$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS']' .，但后来发现[]作为搜索模式具有特殊含义。那么搜索文本的正确命令是$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS']什么？
采纳答案by Maxim Egorushkin
You are right that [and ]are special characters. Quote them with \or use fgrepinstead. The latter is plain string search:
你是正确的，[而且]是特殊字符。用\或fgrep代替它们引用它们。后者是纯字符串搜索：
fgrep "$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS']" ...
You still need to quote $though because it is otherwise interpreted by bashand other shells.
您仍然需要引用，$因为它会被bash其他 shell以其他方式解释。
回答by Junior Dussouillez
As Maxim Yegorushkin said, you have to escape the $ and [ ] characters.
正如 Maxim Yegorushkin 所说，您必须转义 $ 和 [ ] 字符。
grep -rl "$GLOBALS\['TYPO3_CONF_VARS'\]\['SC_OPTIONS'\]" .
回答by 99 Problems - Syntax ain't one
You can use the -F or --fixed-strings to specify a list of strings to be matched.
您可以使用 -F 或 --fixed-strings 来指定要匹配的字符串列表。
grep -Frl "\$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS']" /path/to/files
grep -Frl "\$GLOBALS['TYPO3_CONF_VARS']['SC_OPTIONS']" /path/to/files
-F, --fixed-strings Interpret PATTERN as a list of fixed strings, separated by newlines, any of which is to be matched. (-F is specified by POSIX .)
-F, --fixed-strings 将 PATTERN 解释为固定字符串列表，以换行符分隔，其中任何一个都将被匹配。（-F 由 POSIX 指定。）
fgrepis deprecated but may be still available as an alternative to grep -F.
fgrep已弃用，但仍可作为grep -F.
