Javascript 如何使用 D3.js 将图像添加到 svg 容器
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时间：2020-08-24 17:13:51 来源:igfitidea点击:
How to add an image to an svg container using D3.js
提问by Russ Clark
I've created a sample Asp.Net MVC 4 application where I've used D3.js to append an SVG element and then inside the SVG I've appended a text element (see code below). This all works fine until I try to append an img to the SVG using a local png file. The img gets appended to the DOM, but the img is not rendered on the page. Any ideas what I'm doing wrong here, and how to go about fixing it?
我创建了一个示例 Asp.Net MVC 4 应用程序，其中我使用 D3.js 附加了一个 SVG 元素，然后在 SVG 内附加了一个文本元素（请参阅下面的代码）。这一切正常，直到我尝试使用本地 png 文件将 img 附加到 SVG。img 被附加到 DOM，但 img 未呈现在页面上。任何想法我在这里做错了什么，以及如何解决它？
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Home Page";
}
<script src="~/Scripts/d3.v3.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var svg = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", 200)
.attr("height", 100)
.style("border", "1px solid black");
var text = svg.selectAll("text")
.data([0])
.enter()
.append("text")
.text("Testing")
.attr("x", "40")
.attr("y", "60");
var imgs = svg.selectAll("img").data([0]);
imgs.enter()
.append("img")
.attr("xlink:href", "@Url.Content("~/Content/images/icons/refresh.png")")
.attr("x", "60")
.attr("y", "60")
.attr("width", "20")
.attr("height", "20");
</script>
@Richard Marr - Below is an attempt to do the same thing in straight HTML, which gives me the same result. I'm not sure about my code to get the refresh.png file from the local drive this way.
@Richard Marr - 下面是尝试在纯 HTML 中做同样的事情，这给了我相同的结果。我不确定我的代码以这种方式从本地驱动器获取 refresh.png 文件。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="http://d3js.org/d3.v2.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var svg = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", 200)
.attr("height", 100)
.style("border", "1px solid black");
var text = svg.selectAll("text")
.data([0])
.enter()
.append("text")
.text("Testing")
.attr("x", "40")
.attr("y", "60");
var imgs = svg.selectAll("img").data([0]);
imgs.enter()
.append("svg:img")
.attr("xlink:href", "file:///D:/d3js_projects/refresh.png")
.attr("x", "60")
.attr("y", "60")
.attr("width", "20")
.attr("height", "20");
</script>
</body>
</html>
采纳答案by cmonkey
In SVG (contrasted with HTML), you will want to use <image>instead of <img>for elements.
在 SVG 中（与 HTML 相比），您需要使用<image>代替<img>for 元素。
Try changing your last block with:
尝试更改您的最后一个块：
var imgs = svg.selectAll("image").data([0]);
imgs.enter()
.append("svg:image")
...
回答by Aravind Cheekkallur
nodeEnter.append("svg:image")
.attr('x', -9)
.attr('y', -12)
.attr('width', 20)
.attr('height', 24)
.attr("xlink:href", "resources/images/check.png")
回答by duhaime
My team also wanted to add images inside d3-drawn circles, and came up with the following (fiddle):
我的团队还想在 d3 绘制的圆圈内添加图像，并提出以下（小提琴）：
index.html:
索引.html：
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="timeline.css">
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.5.17/d3.js"></script>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.2.4.js"
integrity="sha256-iT6Q9iMJYuQiMWNd9lDyBUStIq/8PuOW33aOqmvFpqI="
crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="./timeline.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="timeline"></div>
</body>
</html>
timeline.css:
时间线.css：
.axis path,
.axis line,
.tick line,
.line {
fill: none;
stroke: #000000;
stroke-width: 1px;
}
timeline.js:
时间线.js：
// container target
var elem = ".timeline";
var props = {
width: 1000,
height: 600,
class: "timeline-point",
// margins
marginTop: 100,
marginRight: 40,
marginBottom: 100,
marginLeft: 60,
// data inputs
data: [
{
x: 10,
y: 20,
key: "a",
image: "https://unsplash.it/300/300",
id: "a"
},
{
x: 20,
y: 10,
key: "a",
image: "https://unsplash.it/300/300",
id: "b"
},
{
x: 60,
y: 30,
key: "a",
image: "https://unsplash.it/300/300",
id: "c"
},
{
x: 40,
y: 30,
key: "a",
image: "https://unsplash.it/300/300",
id: "d"
},
{
x: 50,
y: 70,
key: "a",
image: "https://unsplash.it/300/300",
id: "e"
},
{
x: 30,
y: 50,
key: "a",
image: "https://unsplash.it/300/300",
id: "f"
},
{
x: 50,
y: 60,
key: "a",
image: "https://unsplash.it/300/300",
id: "g"
}
],
// y label
yLabel: "Y label",
yLabelLength: 50,
// axis ticks
xTicks: 10,
yTicks: 10
}
// component start
var Timeline = {};
/***
*
* Create the svg canvas on which the chart will be rendered
*
***/
Timeline.create = function(elem, props) {
// build the chart foundation
var svg = d3.select(elem).append('svg')
.attr('width', props.width)
.attr('height', props.height);
var g = svg.append('g')
.attr('class', 'point-container')
.attr("transform",
"translate(" + props.marginLeft + "," + props.marginTop + ")");
var g = svg.append('g')
.attr('class', 'line-container')
.attr("transform",
"translate(" + props.marginLeft + "," + props.marginTop + ")");
var xAxis = g.append('g')
.attr("class", "x axis")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + (props.height - props.marginTop - props.marginBottom) + ")");
var yAxis = g.append('g')
.attr("class", "y axis");
svg.append("text")
.attr("class", "y label")
.attr("text-anchor", "end")
.attr("y", 1)
.attr("x", 0 - ((props.height - props.yLabelLength)/2) )
.attr("dy", ".75em")
.attr("transform", "rotate(-90)")
.text(props.yLabel);
// add placeholders for the axes
this.update(elem, props);
};
/***
*
* Update the svg scales and lines given new data
*
***/
Timeline.update = function(elem, props) {
var self = this;
var domain = self.getDomain(props);
var scales = self.scales(elem, props, domain);
self.drawPoints(elem, props, scales);
};
/***
*
* Use the range of values in the x,y attributes
* of the incoming data to identify the plot domain
*
***/
Timeline.getDomain = function(props) {
var domain = {};
domain.x = props.xDomain || d3.extent(props.data, function(d) { return d.x; });
domain.y = props.yDomain || d3.extent(props.data, function(d) { return d.y; });
return domain;
};
/***
*
* Compute the chart scales
*
***/
Timeline.scales = function(elem, props, domain) {
if (!domain) {
return null;
}
var width = props.width - props.marginRight - props.marginLeft;
var height = props.height - props.marginTop - props.marginBottom;
var x = d3.scale.linear()
.range([0, width])
.domain(domain.x);
var y = d3.scale.linear()
.range([height, 0])
.domain(domain.y);
return {x: x, y: y};
};
/***
*
* Create the chart axes
*
***/
Timeline.axes = function(props, scales) {
var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(scales.x)
.orient("bottom")
.ticks(props.xTicks)
.tickFormat(d3.format("d"));
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(scales.y)
.orient("left")
.ticks(props.yTicks);
return {
xAxis: xAxis,
yAxis: yAxis
}
};
/***
*
* Use the general update pattern to draw the points
*
***/
Timeline.drawPoints = function(elem, props, scales, prevScales, dispatcher) {
var g = d3.select(elem).selectAll('.point-container');
var color = d3.scale.category10();
// add images
var image = g.selectAll('.image')
.data(props.data)
image.enter()
.append("pattern")
.attr("id", function(d) {return d.id})
.attr("class", "svg-image")
.attr("x", "0")
.attr("y", "0")
.attr("height", "70px")
.attr("width", "70px")
.append("image")
.attr("x", "0")
.attr("y", "0")
.attr("height", "70px")
.attr("width", "70px")
.attr("xlink:href", function(d) {return d.image})
var point = g.selectAll('.point')
.data(props.data);
// enter
point.enter()
.append("circle")
.attr("class", "point")
.on('mouseover', function(d) {
d3.select(elem).selectAll(".point").classed("active", false);
d3.select(this).classed("active", true);
if (props.onMouseover) {
props.onMouseover(d)
};
})
.on('mouseout', function(d) {
if (props.onMouseout) {
props.onMouseout(d)
};
})
// enter and update
point.transition()
.duration(1000)
.attr("cx", function(d) {
return scales.x(d.x);
})
.attr("cy", function(d) {
return scales.y(d.y);
})
.attr("r", 30)
.style("stroke", function(d) {
if (props.pointStroke) {
return d.color = props.pointStroke;
} else {
return d.color = color(d.key);
}
})
.style("fill", function(d) {
if (d.image) {
return ("url(#" + d.id + ")");
}
if (props.pointFill) {
return d.color = props.pointFill;
} else {
return d.color = color(d.key);
}
});
// exit
point.exit()
.remove();
// update the axes
var axes = this.axes(props, scales);
d3.select(elem).selectAll('g.x.axis')
.transition()
.duration(1000)
.call(axes.xAxis);
d3.select(elem).selectAll('g.y.axis')
.transition()
.duration(1000)
.call(axes.yAxis);
};
$(document).ready(function() {
Timeline.create(elem, props);
})
回答by Talpa
var svg = d3.select("body")
.append("svg")
.style("width", 200)
.style("height", 100)
