postgresql 如何在创建数据库时安装 Postgres 扩展？
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16611226/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
How to install Postgres extensions at database creation?
提问by Alive Developer
It would be lovely if the rake command db:createcould be followed by a postgresql installation script. This, for example. (It must be run as postgres user):
如果 rake 命令db:create后面可以跟一个 postgresql 安装脚本，那就太好了。这，例如。（它必须以 postgres 用户身份运行）：
CREATE EXTENSION "fuzzystrmatch";
This because, in this moment, i'm doing it manually every time I create a database.
这是因为，在这一刻，我每次创建数据库时都手动进行。
Any hints?
任何提示？
回答by Dylan Markow
As of Rails 4, there is a enable_extensionmethod:
从 Rails 4 开始，有一个enable_extension方法：
class AddFuzzyStringMatching < ActiveRecord::Migration
def change
enable_extension "fuzzystrmatch"
end
end
回答by Doon
I just do this in a migration
我只是在迁移中这样做
class AddCryptoToDb < ActiveRecord::Migration
def up
execute <<-SQL
CREATE extension IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto;
SQL
end
end
You can execute any sql want there. I also do it for functions
你可以在那里执行任何想要的 sql。我也为函数做
class BuildFnSetWebUsersUid < ActiveRecord::Migration
def up
say "building fn_set_web_users_uid function"
execute <<-SQL
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_set_web_users_uid()
RETURNS trigger AS
$BODY$
BEGIN
IF NEW.uid IS NULL THEN
SELECT UID into NEW.uid
FROM generate_series(10000, (SELECT last_value FROM web_users_uid_seq)) AS s(uid)
EXCEPT
SELECT uid FROM web_users
ORDER BY uid;
IF NEW.uid is NULL THEN
SELECT nextval('web_users_uid_seq') INTO NEW.uid;
END IF;
END IF;
RETURN NEW;
END;
$BODY$
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';
SQL
end
def down
execute "DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS fn_set_web_users_uid;"
end
end
Also it doesn't need to be postgres user, depending upon the extension it needs to be superuser or database owner. So on my dev boxes I give the user Super User Rights for ease of use.
此外，它不需要是 postgres 用户，具体取决于它需要是超级用户或数据库所有者的扩展名。所以在我的开发箱上，我授予用户超级用户权限以方便使用。
回答by Denis de Bernardy
You could create a rake task (it's fairly straightforward), or mess around with the template1 database (not recommended, but possible):
您可以创建一个 rake 任务（它相当简单），或者使用 template1 数据库（不推荐，但可能）：
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.2/static/manage-ag-templatedbs.html
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.2/static/manage-ag-templatedbs.html
