Ruby-on-rails 错误：无法在 Mavericks 上构建 gem 本机扩展

ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension on Mavericks

提问by Kyle Decot

I'm attempting to run bundlein my Rails project on OSX 10.9. It fails when getting to the pggem with this error:

我正在尝试bundle在 OSX 10.9 上运行我的 Rails 项目。pg使用此错误访问gem时失败：

Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... yes
checking for PQconnectionUsedPassword()... yes
checking for PQisthreadsafe()... yes
checking for PQprepare()... yes
checking for PQexecParams()... yes
checking for PQescapeString()... yes
checking for PQescapeStringConn()... yes
checking for PQescapeLiteral()... yes
checking for PQescapeIdentifier()... yes
checking for PQgetCancel()... yes
checking for lo_create()... yes
checking for pg_encoding_to_char()... yes
checking for pg_char_to_encoding()... yes
checking for PQsetClientEncoding()... yes
checking for PQlibVersion()... yes
checking for PQping()... yes
checking for PQsetSingleRowMode()... yes
checking for rb_encdb_alias()... yes
checking for rb_enc_alias()... no
checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl()... yes
checking for rb_thread_call_with_gvl()... yes
checking for rb_thread_fd_select()... yes
checking for rb_w32_wrap_io_handle()... no
checking for PGRES_COPY_BOTH in libpq-fe.h... no
checking for PGRES_SINGLE_TUPLE in libpq-fe.h... no
checking for PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME in libpq-fe.h... no
checking for struct pgNotify.extra in libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking for ruby/st.h... yes
creating extconf.h
creating Makefile

make "DESTDIR="
compiling gvl_wrappers.c
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-fno-fast-math'
compiling pg.c
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-fno-fast-math'
pg.c:272:9: warning: implicit declaration of function 'PQlibVersion' is invalid in C99 [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
        return INT2NUM(PQlibVersion());
               ^
In file included from pg.c:48:
In file included from ./pg.h:17:
In file included from /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby.h:33:
/Users/kyledecot/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/ruby.h:1167:21: note: instantiated from:
# define INT2NUM(v) INT2FIX((int)(v))
                    ^
pg.c:272:9: note: instantiated from:
        return INT2NUM(PQlibVersion());
               ^
pg.c:272:17: note: instantiated from:
        return INT2NUM(PQlibVersion());
                       ^
pg.c:375:48: error: use of undeclared identifier 'PQPING_OK'
        rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_OK", INT2FIX(PQPING_OK));
                                                      ^
pg.c:375:56: note: instantiated from:
        rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_OK", INT2FIX(PQPING_OK));
                                                              ^
pg.c:377:52: error: use of undeclared identifier 'PQPING_REJECT'
        rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_REJECT", INT2FIX(PQPING_REJECT));
                                                          ^
pg.c:377:60: note: instantiated from:
        rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_REJECT", INT2FIX(PQPING_REJECT));
                                                                  ^
pg.c:379:57: error: use of undeclared identifier 'PQPING_NO_RESPONSE'
        rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_RESPONSE", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_RESPONSE));
                                                               ^
pg.c:379:65: note: instantiated from:
        rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_RESPONSE", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_RESPONSE));
                                                                       ^
pg.c:381:56: error: use of undeclared identifier 'PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT'
        rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT));
                                                              ^
pg.c:381:64: note: instantiated from:
        rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT));
                                                                      ^
1 warning and 4 errors generated.
make: *** [pg.o] Error 1


Gem files will remain installed in /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247@skateboxes/gems/pg-0.17.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247@skateboxes/gems/pg-0.17.0/ext/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing pg (0.17.0), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install pg -v '0.17.0'` succeeds before bundling.

回答by Andrew Kippen

Also make sure that you've upgraded Xcode to re-install command line tools on Mavericks. In terminal type:

还要确保您已升级 Xcode 以在 Mavericks 上重新安装命令行工具。在终端类型中：

xcode-select --install

Then follow the prompts.

然后按照提示操作。

回答by gal

For me it worked when I did:

对我来说，当我这样做时它起作用了：

brew install postgresql

回答by Sayanee

this worked for me with Mavericks and the Postgresapp:

这对小牛队和 Postgresapp 对我有用：

gem install pg -v '0.17.0' -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres93.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config

回答by MrYoshiji

Try using the --with-pg-configargument:

尝试使用--with-pg-config参数：

bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/usr/pgsql-9.1/bin/pg_config

To show the path of the pg_config:

显示路径pg_config：

which pg_config

---

---

For Ubuntu users:

对于 Ubuntu 用户：

sudo apt-get install postgresql
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

Then:

然后：

bundle install

回答by Neil Billingham

For me using Mavericks, Rails 3.2.13, Ruby 2.0.0-p247, PostgreSQL 9.1, I needed todo this:

对于我使用 Mavericks、Rails 3.2.13、Ruby 2.0.0-p247、PostgreSQL 9.1，我需要这样做：

gem install pg -v '0.15.1' -- --with-pg-config=/Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_config

回答by matheau

This worked for me on Mac OS X 10.9.3 and Postgres.app version 9.3.4.2:

这在 Mac OS X 10.9.3 和 Postgres.app 版本 9.3.4.2 上对我有用：

1) Install Postgres.app

1) 安装 Postgres.app

2) bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.3/bin/pg_config

2) bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.3/bin/pg_config

3) gem install pg -v '0.17.1'

3) gem install pg -v '0.17.1'

4) bundle install

4) bundle install

回答by saleiva

I've just got it running by doing

我只是让它运行

ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64" gem install pg

after installing posgres using brew

使用 brew 安装 posgres 后

回答by Durgarao

When i try to install

当我尝试安装时

apt-get install libpq-dev

Failed to install, unmet dependencies problem, to solve

安装失败，未满足依赖问题，待解决

apt-get remove libpq5

then install

然后安装

apt-get install libpq-dev

Finally solved the gem pg issue.

终于解决了gem pg问题。

回答by Sachin Shintre

The following worked for me:

以下对我有用：

gem install pg -v '0.18.1' -- --with-pg config=/Library/PostgreSQL/9.3/bin/pg_config

gem install pg -v '0.18.1' --with-pg config=/Library/PostgreSQL/9.3/bin/pg_config

回答by mfq

You have to configure pg with your current version I used mine 9.4 version on Yosemite. Here is the following command

您必须使用当前版本配置 pg 我在优胜美地使用了我的 9.4 版本。这是以下命令

bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.4/bin/pg_config 

You should use your own version

你应该使用你自己的版本

bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/(YOUR POSTGRES VERSION)/bin/pg_config 

then do

然后做

bundle install