使用终端或 bash 脚本创建和写入 .plist

Creating and writing into .plist with Terminal or bash script

提问by Mubasher

I need to create a .plist file during post install and the only option I can use is a bash script. I have to create a foo.plist into /Library/launchAgentswith a bash script and I've used the following command:

我需要在安装后创建一个 .plist 文件，我可以使用的唯一选项是 bash 脚本。我必须/Library/launchAgents使用 bash 脚本创建一个 foo.plist并使用以下命令：

cd /Library/launchAgents
touch foo.plist

now I need to write contents into this .plist file for example like this:

现在我需要将内容写入这个 .plist 文件，例如：

".plist contents" >> foo.plist

Is there a command that can do this in the terminal?

是否有可以在终端中执行此操作的命令？

采纳答案by Mark Setchell

Your question doesn't specify very well what you have got, or why you need to do it in bash, but if you must do it that way, you can do it like this:

你的问题没有很好地说明你有什么，或者为什么你需要在 中这样做bash，但如果你必须这样做，你可以这样做：

#!/bin/bash
VERSION=2.12
cat > foo.plist <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
        <key>BuildAliasOf</key>
        <string>ProEditor</string>
        <key>BuildVersion</key>
        <value>$VERSION</value>
</dict>
</plist>
EOF

So, you save this in a file called Buildplistand then do this to make it executable

因此，您将其保存在一个名为的文件中Buildplist，然后执行此操作以使其可执行

chmod +x Buildplist

and then you run it by typing this:

然后你输入这个来运行它：

./Buildplist

You can make it write the plist file directly into /Library/launchAgentsby changing the second line to something like this:

您可以/Library/launchAgents通过将第二行更改为以下内容，使其直接写入 plist 文件：

cat > /Library/launchAgents/yourApp/yourApp.plist <<EOF

You can make it accept parameters too. So if you want to pass the Author as the first parameter, you can do it like this:

你也可以让它接受参数。所以如果你想传递 Author 作为第一个参数，你可以这样做：

#!/bin/bash
VERSION=2.12
AUTHOR=""
cat > foo.plist <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
        <key>BuildAliasOf</key>
        <string>ProEditor</string>
        <key>BuildVersion</key>
        <value>$VERSION</value>
        <author>$AUTHOR</author>
</dict>
</plist>
EOF

and then run

然后运行

./Buildplist "Freddy Frog"

to pass "Freddy Frog" as the author.

通过“Freddy Frog”作为作者。

If you want to avoid overwriting any plist file that already exists, you can do it like this:

如果你想避免覆盖任何已经存在的 plist 文件，你可以这样做：

#!/bin/bash
PLISTFILE="/Library/launchAgents/yourApp/yourApp.plist"

# If plist already exists, do not overwrite, just exit quietly
[ -f "$PLISTFILE" ] && exit

cat > "$PLISTFILE" <<EOF
...
...
EOF

I put the name of the plist file in a variable to simplify maintenance, and avoid typing it twice.

我将 plist 文件的名称放在一个变量中以简化维护，并避免输入两次。

回答by DawnSong

PlistBuddyis what you want.

PlistBuddy就是你想要的。

/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy Info.plist
File Doesn't Exist, Will Create: Info.plist

Then add an entry to the file like this,

然后像这样在文件中添加一个条目，

/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c 'add CFBundleIdenfier string com.tencent.myapp' Info.plist

By the way, man plist, man plutilmay be helpful for you.

顺便说一句，man plist，man plutil可能对你有所帮助。

Command Format:
    Help - Prints this information
    Exit - Exits the program, changes are not saved to the file
    Save - Saves the current changes to the file
    Revert - Reloads the last saved version of the file
    Clear [<Type>] - Clears out all existing entries, and creates root of Type
    Print [<Entry>] - Prints value of Entry.  Otherwise, prints file
    Set <Entry> <Value> - Sets the value at Entry to Value
    Add <Entry> <Type> [<Value>] - Adds Entry to the plist, with value Value
    Copy <EntrySrc> <EntryDst> - Copies the EntrySrc property to EntryDst
    Delete <Entry> - Deletes Entry from the plist
    Merge <file.plist> [<Entry>] - Adds the contents of file.plist to Entry
    Import <Entry> <file> - Creates or sets Entry the contents of file

Entry Format:
    Entries consist of property key names delimited by colons.  Array items
    are specified by a zero-based integer index.  Examples:
        :CFBundleShortVersionString
        :CFBundleDocumentTypes:2:CFBundleTypeExtensions

Types:
    string
    array
    dict
    bool
    real
    integer
    date
    data

Examples:
    Set :CFBundleIdentifier com.apple.plistbuddy
        Sets the CFBundleIdentifier property to com.apple.plistbuddy
    Add :CFBundleGetInfoString string "App version 1.0.1"
        Adds the CFBundleGetInfoString property to the plist
    Add :CFBundleDocumentTypes: dict
        Adds a new item of type dict to the CFBundleDocumentTypes array
    Add :CFBundleDocumentTypes:0 dict
        Adds the new item to the beginning of the array
    Delete :CFBundleDocumentTypes:0 dict
        Deletes the FIRST item in the array
    Delete :CFBundleDocumentTypes
        Deletes the ENTIRE CFBundleDocumentTypes array