java 如何排除旧版本的 maven 依赖并使用它的新版本？
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How to exclude older versions of maven dependency and use new version of it?
提问by john
I am working with Maven project and I have two projects, ProjectAand ProjectB. My ProjectAis a maven library whose pom looks like this:
我正在处理 Maven 项目，我有两个项目，ProjectA和ProjectB. MyProjectA是一个 maven 库，其 pom 如下所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.texture.partial</groupId>
<artifactId>PartialPlatform</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5-RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.texture.transform.golden</groupId>
<artifactId>SampleClient</artifactId>
<version>1.0.4</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.partial.core</groupId>
<artifactId>PartialKernel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.webres</groupId>
<artifactId>WebResPartial</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.kernel</groupId>
<artifactId>TextureServer</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.kernel</groupId>
<artifactId>Kernel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.v3jars.Houston</groupId>
<artifactId>KernelDAL</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.kernel</groupId>
<artifactId>uKernel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.kernel</groupId>
<artifactId>uKernelCore</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.servicemix.bundles</groupId>
<artifactId>org.apache.servicemix.bundles.cglib</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.partial.core</groupId>
<artifactId>ConfigWeb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.partial.core</groupId>
<artifactId>PartialWeb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.googlecode.jmockit</groupId>
<artifactId>jmockit</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<argLine>-javaagent:"${settings.localRepository}"/com/googlecode/jmockit/jmockit/1.7/jmockit-1.7.jar</argLine>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<instrumentation>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/test/**/*.class</exclude>
</excludes>
</instrumentation>
<formats>
<format>xml</format>
<format>html</format>
</formats>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
In my above pom, PartialKernelis bringing older version of various Spring Framework dependencies like spring-core, spring-web. It is bringing 3.2.8.RELEASEversion and I want to use latest version of those two spring framework, which is 4.1.6.RELEASE. What is the right way to exclude older versions of spring-coreand spring-webcoming from PartialKerneland use latest version?
在我上面的 pom 中，PartialKernel带来了各种 Spring Framework 依赖项的旧版本，例如spring-core, spring-web. 它带来了3.2.8.RELEASE版本，我想使用这两个 spring 框架的最新版本，即4.1.6.RELEASE. 排除旧版本spring-core和spring-web来自PartialKernel最新版本的正确方法是什么？
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
I need to use latest version since some classes are there in latest version only.
我需要使用最新版本，因为某些类仅在最新版本中存在。
回答by krock
There may be incompatible differences between the version of a library that a dependency requires and the one you want to use. If you are happy to take this risk, you can use maven exclusionsto ignore transitive dependencies.
依赖项所需的库版本与您要使用的库版本之间可能存在不兼容的差异。如果你乐于承担这个风险，你可以使用 mavenexclusions来忽略传递依赖。
You can exclude, for example, spring-corefrom being brought in by PartialKernelby adding:
例如，您可以通过添加以下内容来排除spring-core被引入PartialKernel：
<dependency>
<groupId>com.texture.partial.core</groupId>
<artifactId>PartialKernel</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
Note that you will have to do this for every dependency that brings in spring dependencies.
请注意，您必须为每个引入 spring 依赖项的依赖项执行此操作。
Now define the version of spring-coreyou want to use in the top level pom dependency managementsection:
现在spring-core在顶级 pom依赖管理部分定义您要使用的版本：
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
