jQuery 为元素分配类名时转义方括号
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Escape square brackets when assigning a class name to an element
提问by Duncan
Does anyone know how to escape the square bracket character when setting a class name with jQuery?
有谁知道在使用 jQuery 设置类名时如何转义方括号字符？
Try the following:
请尝试以下操作：
$('#txtFirstname').addClass('test[someval]')
then
然后
$('#txtFirstname').attr('class')
you'll see the class is there.
你会看到课程在那里。
Now try
现在试试
$('#txtFirstname').hasClass('test[someval]')
FAIL
失败
The only reason I can think of is the square brackets.
我能想到的唯一原因是方括号。
And I need these for my jQuery validation you see.
你看，我需要这些来进行 jQuery 验证。
回答by Duncan
回答by digiogo
The introduction of jQuery API pagegives the above explanation about this:
引进的jQuery API页面给出了关于这个上面的解释：
To use any of the meta-characters ( such as !"#$%&'()*+,./:;<=>?@[]^`{|}~ ) as a literal part of a name, it must be escaped with with two backslashes: \\.
要使用任何元字符（例如 !"#$%&'()*+,./:;<=>?@[]^`{|}~ ）作为名称的文字部分，它必须用两个反斜杠转义：\\。
回答by Eric Kigathi
If the selector is contained within a variable (or if you can get it into a variable), the code below may be helpful:
如果选择器包含在变量中（或者如果您可以将其放入变量中），下面的代码可能会有所帮助：
selector_name = $this.attr('class');
//e.g selector_name = users[0][first:name]
escaped_selector_name = selector_name.replace(/(:|\.|\[|\])/g,'\');
//e.g escaped_selector_name = users\[0\]\[first\:name\]
In short we prefix all special characters with double backslash. Here's some additional documentation from the jQuery site:
简而言之，我们用双反斜杠作为所有特殊字符的前缀。这是来自 jQuery 站点的一些附加文档：
回答by álvaro González
Short answer: you don't need to escape bracketsbecause the argument is a class name, not a selector. It didn't work for you because of a bug in earlier jQuery versions that has long been fixed.
简短回答：您不需要转义括号，因为参数是类名，而不是选择器。它对您不起作用，因为早先已修复的早期 jQuery 版本中的错误。
To demonstrate it, here's your code running under different versions:
为了演示它，这是您在不同版本下运行的代码：
- jQuery/1.3.2 (buggy):
- jQuery/1.3.2（越野车）：
$('#txtFirstname').addClass('test[someval]')
$('#txtFirstname').attr('class')
console.log($('#txtFirstname').hasClass('test[someval]'));<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="txtFirstname"></div>- jQuery/1.4.0 (fixed):
- jQuery/1.4.0（固定）：
$('#txtFirstname').addClass('test[someval]')
$('#txtFirstname').attr('class')
console.log($('#txtFirstname').hasClass('test[someval]'));<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="txtFirstname"></div>So the issued was apparently fixed on jQuery/1.4.0. I found a ticketregarding this (though it's tagged as being fixed on 1.4.2 rather than 1.4.0).
所以这个问题显然是在 jQuery/1.4.0 上修复的。我找到了一张关于此的票（尽管它被标记为已修复为 1.4.2 而不是 1.4.0）。
I insist: the rule to quote or escape metacharacters with \\in order to use them as a literal part of a name only applies to selectors. However, the .hasClass()method does not receive a selector as argument but as class name:
我坚持：引用或转义元字符\\以便将它们用作名称的文字部分的规则仅适用于selectors。但是，.hasClass()方法不会接收选择器作为参数，而是作为类名：
.hasClass( className ) className Type: String The class name to search for.
.hasClass( className ) className Type: String The class name to search for.
