根据 C# 中引用的 XSD 验证 XML
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Validating an XML against referenced XSD in C#
提问by jfclavette
I have an XML file with a specified schema location such as this:
我有一个具有指定架构位置的 XML 文件，例如：
xsi:schemaLocation="someurl ..\localSchemaPath.xsd"
I want to validate in C#. Visual Studio, when I open the file, validates it against the schema and lists errors perfectly. Somehow, though, I can't seem to validate it automatically in C# without specifying the schema to validate against like so:
我想在 C# 中进行验证。当我打开文件时，Visual Studio 会根据架构对其进行验证并完美地列出错误。但是，不知何故，我似乎无法在 C# 中自动验证它而不指定要验证的模式，如下所示：
XmlDocument asset = new XmlDocument();
XmlTextReader schemaReader = new XmlTextReader("relativeSchemaPath");
XmlSchema schema = XmlSchema.Read(schemaReader, SchemaValidationHandler);
asset.Schemas.Add(schema);
asset.Load(filename);
asset.Validate(DocumentValidationHandler);
Shouldn't I be able to validate with the schema specified in the XML file automatically ? What am I missing ?
我不应该能够自动使用 XML 文件中指定的模式进行验证吗？我错过了什么？
采纳答案by Chris McMillan
You need to create an XmlReaderSettings instance and pass that to your XmlReader when you create it. Then you can subscribe to the ValidationEventHandlerin the settings to receive validation errors. Your code will end up looking like this:
您需要创建一个 XmlReaderSettings 实例，并在创建它时将其传递给您的 XmlReader。然后您可以ValidationEventHandler在设置中订阅以接收验证错误。您的代码最终将如下所示：
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.IO;
public class ValidXSD
{
public static void Main()
{
// Set the validation settings.
XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessInlineSchema;
settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessSchemaLocation;
settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ReportValidationWarnings;
settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack);
// Create the XmlReader object.
XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("inlineSchema.xml", settings);
// Parse the file.
while (reader.Read()) ;
}
// Display any warnings or errors.
private static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs args)
{
if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning)
Console.WriteLine("\tWarning: Matching schema not found. No validation occurred." + args.Message);
else
Console.WriteLine("\tValidation error: " + args.Message);
}
}
回答by Welbog
I had do this kind of automatic validation in VB and this is how I did it (converted to C#):
我曾在 VB 中进行过这种自动验证，这就是我这样做的方式（转换为 C#）：
XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
settings.ValidationFlags = settings.ValidationFlags |
Schema.XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessSchemaLocation;
XmlReader XMLvalidator = XmlReader.Create(reader, settings);
Then I subscribed to the settings.ValidationEventHandlerevent while reading the file.
然后我settings.ValidationEventHandler在阅读文件时订阅了该事件。
回答by Soroush
The following examplevalidates an XML file and generates the appropriate error or warning.
以下示例验证 XML 文件并生成相应的错误或警告。
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;
public class Sample
{
public static void Main()
{
//Load the XmlSchemaSet.
XmlSchemaSet schemaSet = new XmlSchemaSet();
schemaSet.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", "books.xsd");
//Validate the file using the schema stored in the schema set.
//Any elements belonging to the namespace "urn:cd-schema" generate
//a warning because there is no schema matching that namespace.
Validate("store.xml", schemaSet);
Console.ReadLine();
}
private static void Validate(String filename, XmlSchemaSet schemaSet)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("\r\nValidating XML file {0}...", filename.ToString());
XmlSchema compiledSchema = null;
foreach (XmlSchema schema in schemaSet.Schemas())
{
compiledSchema = schema;
}
XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
settings.Schemas.Add(compiledSchema);
settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack);
settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
//Create the schema validating reader.
XmlReader vreader = XmlReader.Create(filename, settings);
while (vreader.Read()) { }
//Close the reader.
vreader.Close();
}
//Display any warnings or errors.
private static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs args)
{
if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning)
Console.WriteLine("\tWarning: Matching schema not found. No validation occurred." + args.Message);
else
Console.WriteLine("\tValidation error: " + args.Message);
}
}
The preceding example uses the following input files.
前面的示例使用以下输入文件。
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<bookstore xmlns="urn:bookstore-schema" xmlns:cd="urn:cd-schema">
<book genre="novel">
<title>The Confidence Man</title>
<price>11.99</price>
</book>
<cd:cd>
<title>Americana</title>
<cd:artist>Offspring</cd:artist>
<price>16.95</price>
</cd:cd>
</bookstore>
books.xsd
书籍.xsd
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns="urn:bookstore-schema"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
targetNamespace="urn:bookstore-schema">
<xsd:element name="bookstore" type="bookstoreType"/>
<xsd:complexType name="bookstoreType">
<xsd:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="book" type="bookType"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="bookType">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="title" type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:element name="author" type="authorName"/>
<xsd:element name="price" type="xsd:decimal"/>
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="genre" type="xsd:string"/>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="authorName">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="first-name" type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:schema>
回答by saluce
A simpler way, if you are using .NET 3.5, is to use XDocumentand XmlSchemaSetvalidation.
如果您使用 .NET 3.5，更简单的方法是使用XDocument和XmlSchemaSet验证。
XmlSchemaSet schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();
schemas.Add(schemaNamespace, schemaFileName);
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(filename);
string msg = "";
doc.Validate(schemas, (o, e) => {
msg += e.Message + Environment.NewLine;
});
Console.WriteLine(msg == "" ? "Document is valid" : "Document invalid: " + msg);
See the MSDN documentationfor more assistance.
有关更多帮助，请参阅MSDN 文档。
回答by FrankyHollywood
personally I favor validating without a callback:
我个人喜欢在没有回调的情况下进行验证：
public bool ValidateSchema(string xmlPath, string xsdPath)
{
XmlDocument xml = new XmlDocument();
xml.Load(xmlPath);
xml.Schemas.Add(null, xsdPath);
try
{
xml.Validate(null);
}
catch (XmlSchemaValidationException)
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
(see Timiz0r's post in Synchronous XML Schema Validation? .NET 3.5)
（请参阅 Timiz0r 在Synchronous XML Schema Validation? .NET 3.5 中的帖子）
