Javascript 使用 Node.js 将文件系统中的目录结构转换为 JSON
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Convert a directory structure in the filesystem to JSON with Node.js
提问by hagope
I have a file structure like this:
我有这样的文件结构：
root
|_ fruits
|___ apple
|______images
|________ apple001.jpg
|________ apple002.jpg
|_ animals
|___ cat
|______images
|________ cat001.jpg
|________ cat002.jpg
I would like to, using Javascript and Node.js, listen to this root directory and all sub directories and create a JSON which mirrors this directory structure, each node contains type, name, path, and children:
我想使用 Javascript 和 Node.js，监听这个根目录和所有子目录并创建一个 JSON 来反映这个目录结构，每个节点包含类型、名称、路径和子节点：
data = [
{
type: "folder",
name: "animals",
path: "/animals",
children: [
{
type: "folder",
name: "cat",
path: "/animals/cat",
children: [
{
type: "folder",
name: "images",
path: "/animals/cat/images",
children: [
{
type: "file",
name: "cat001.jpg",
path: "/animals/cat/images/cat001.jpg"
}, {
type: "file",
name: "cat001.jpg",
path: "/animals/cat/images/cat002.jpg"
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
];
Here's a coffeescript JSON:
这是一个咖啡脚本 JSON：
data =
[
type: "folder"
name: "animals"
path: "/animals"
children :
[
type: "folder"
name: "cat"
path: "/animals/cat"
children:
[
type: "folder"
name: "images"
path: "/animals/cat/images"
children:
[
type: "file"
name: "cat001.jpg"
path: "/animals/cat/images/cat001.jpg"
,
type: "file"
name: "cat001.jpg"
path: "/animals/cat/images/cat002.jpg"
]
]
]
]
how to get this json data format in django views?(python)
如何在 Django 视图中获取这种 json 数据格式？（python）
回答by Miikka
Here's a sketch. Error handling is left as an exercise for the reader.
这是一个草图。错误处理留给读者作为练习。
var fs = require('fs'),
path = require('path')
function dirTree(filename) {
var stats = fs.lstatSync(filename),
info = {
path: filename,
name: path.basename(filename)
};
if (stats.isDirectory()) {
info.type = "folder";
info.children = fs.readdirSync(filename).map(function(child) {
return dirTree(filename + '/' + child);
});
} else {
// Assuming it's a file. In real life it could be a symlink or
// something else!
info.type = "file";
}
return info;
}
if (module.parent == undefined) {
// node dirTree.js ~/foo/bar
var util = require('util');
console.log(util.inspect(dirTree(process.argv[2]), false, null));
}
回答by Asaf Katz
there's an NPM Module for it
有一个 NPM 模块
https://www.npmjs.com/package/directory-tree
https://www.npmjs.com/package/directory-tree
Creates an object representing a directory tree.
创建一个表示目录树的对象。
From:
从：
photos
├── summer
│ └── june
│ └── windsurf.jpg
└── winter
└── january
├── ski.png
└── snowboard.jpg
To:
到：
{
"path": "",
"name": "photos",
"type": "directory",
"children": [
{
"path": "summer",
"name": "summer",
"type": "directory",
"children": [
{
"path": "summer/june",
"name": "june",
"type": "directory",
"children": [
{
"path": "summer/june/windsurf.jpg",
"name": "windsurf.jpg",
"type": "file"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"path": "winter",
"name": "winter",
"type": "directory",
"children": [
{
"path": "winter/january",
"name": "january",
"type": "directory",
"children": [
{
"path": "winter/january/ski.png",
"name": "ski.png",
"type": "file"
},
{
"path": "winter/january/snowboard.jpg",
"name": "snowboard.jpg",
"type": "file"
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
Usage
用法
var tree = directoryTree('/some/path');
And you can also filter by extensions:
您还可以按扩展名过滤：
var filteredTree = directoryTree('/some/path', ['.jpg', '.png']);
回答by LifeQuery
The accepted answer works, but it is synchronousand will deeply hurt your performance, especially for large directory trees.
I highly encourage you to use the following asynchronoussolution, it is both faster and non-blocking.
Based on the parallel solution here.
接受的答案有效，但它是同步的，并且会严重损害您的性能，尤其是对于大型目录树。
我强烈建议您使用以下异步解决方案，它既快速又无阻塞。
基于这里的并行解决方案。
var fs = require('fs');
var path = require('path');
var diretoryTreeToObj = function(dir, done) {
var results = [];
fs.readdir(dir, function(err, list) {
if (err)
return done(err);
var pending = list.length;
if (!pending)
return done(null, {name: path.basename(dir), type: 'folder', children: results});
list.forEach(function(file) {
file = path.resolve(dir, file);
fs.stat(file, function(err, stat) {
if (stat && stat.isDirectory()) {
diretoryTreeToObj(file, function(err, res) {
results.push({
name: path.basename(file),
type: 'folder',
children: res
});
if (!--pending)
done(null, results);
});
}
else {
results.push({
type: 'file',
name: path.basename(file)
});
if (!--pending)
done(null, results);
}
});
});
});
};
Example usage:
用法示例：
var dirTree = ('/path/to/dir');
diretoryTreeToObj(dirTree, function(err, res){
if(err)
console.error(err);
console.log(JSON.stringify(res));
});
回答by fooling
My CS example (w/ express) based on Miika's solution:
我的 CS 示例（带快递）基于 Miika 的解决方案：
fs = require 'fs' #file system module
path = require 'path' # file path module
# returns json tree of directory structure
tree = (root) ->
# clean trailing '/'(s)
root = root.replace /\/+$/ , ""
# extract tree ring if root exists
if fs.existsSync root
ring = fs.lstatSync root
else
return 'error: root does not exist'
# type agnostic info
info =
path: root
name: path.basename(root)
# dir
if ring.isDirectory()
info.type = 'folder'
# execute for each child and call tree recursively
info.children = fs.readdirSync(root) .map (child) ->
tree root + '/' + child
# file
else if ring.isFile()
info.type = 'file'
# link
else if ring.isSymbolicLink()
info.type = 'link'
# other
else
info.type = 'unknown'
# return tree
info
# error handling
handle = (e) ->
return 'uncaught exception...'
exports.index = (req, res) ->
try
res.send tree './test/'
catch e
res.send handle e
回答by Gabriel Llamas
You can use the code from this project but you should adapt the code to your needs:
您可以使用此项目中的代码，但您应该根据自己的需要调整代码：
https://github.com/NHQ/Node-FileUtils/blob/master/src/file-utils.js#L511-L593
https://github.com/NHQ/Node-FileUtils/blob/master/src/file-utils.js#L511-L593
From:
从：
a
|- b
| |- c
| | |- c1.txt
| |
| |- b1.txt
| |- b2.txt
|
|- d
| |
|
|- a1.txt
|- a2.txt
To:
到：
{
b: {
"b1.txt": "a/b/b1.txt",
"b2.txt": "a/b/b2.txt",
c: {
"c1.txt": "a/b/c/c1.txt"
}
},
d: {},
"a2.txt": "a/a2.txt",
"a1.txt": "a/a1.txt"
}
Doing:
正在做：
new File ("a").list (function (error, files){
//files...
});
回答by Sean C.
Here is an async solution:
这是一个异步解决方案：
function list(dir) {
const walk = entry => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
fs.exists(entry, exists => {
if (!exists) {
return resolve({});
}
return resolve(new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
fs.lstat(entry, (err, stats) => {
if (err) {
return reject(err);
}
if (!stats.isDirectory()) {
return resolve({
// path: entry,
// type: 'file',
name: path.basename(entry),
time: stats.mtime,
size: stats.size
});
}
resolve(new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
fs.readdir(entry, (err, files) => {
if (err) {
return reject(err);
}
Promise.all(files.map(child => walk(path.join(entry, child)))).then(children => {
resolve({
// path: entry,
// type: 'folder',
name: path.basename(entry),
time: stats.mtime,
entries: children
});
}).catch(err => {
reject(err);
});
});
}));
});
}));
});
});
}
return walk(dir);
}
Note that when a directory does not exist, an empty result is returned rather than an error being thrown.
请注意，当目录不存在时，将返回空结果而不是抛出错误。
Here is a sample result:
这是一个示例结果：
{
"name": "root",
"time": "2017-05-09T07:46:26.740Z",
"entries": [
{
"name": "book.txt",
"time": "2017-05-09T07:24:18.673Z",
"size": 0
},
{
"name": "cheatsheet-a5.pdf",
"time": "2017-05-09T07:24:18.674Z",
"size": 262380
},
{
"name": "docs",
"time": "2017-05-09T07:47:39.507Z",
"entries": [
{
"name": "README.md",
"time": "2017-05-08T10:02:09.651Z",
"size": 19229
}
]
}
]
}
which will be:
这将是：
root
|__ book.txt
|__ cheatsheet-a5.pdf
|__ docs
|__ README.md
回答by liron_hazan
I used 'walk' lib in this case, it gets your root path and walks over files and over directories recursively and emits an event of directory / file with all the info you need from a node, check out that implementation -->
在这种情况下，我使用了 'walk' lib，它获取您的根路径并递归遍历文件和目录，并发出一个目录/文件事件，其中包含您需要从节点中获得的所有信息，请查看该实现-->
const walk = require('walk');
class FsTree {
constructor(){
}
/**
* @param rootPath
* @returns {Promise}
*/
getFileSysTree(rootPath){
return new Promise((resolve, reject)=>{
const root = rootPath || __dirname; // if there's no rootPath use exec location
const tree = [];
const nodesMap = {};
const walker = walk.walk(root, { followLinks: false}); // filter doesn't work well
function addNode(node, path){
if ( node.name.indexOf('.') === 0 || path.indexOf('/.') >= 0){ // ignore hidden files
return;
}
var relativePath = path.replace(root,'');
node.path = relativePath + '/' + node.name;
nodesMap[node.path] = node;
if ( relativePath.length === 0 ){ //is root
tree.push(node);
return;
}
node.parentPath = node.path.substring(0,node.path.lastIndexOf('/'));
const parent = nodesMap[node.parentPath];
parent.children.push(node);
}
walker.on('directory', (path, stats, next)=>{
addNode({ name: stats.name, type:'dir',children:[]}, path);
next();
});
walker.on('file', (path,stats,next)=>{
addNode({name:stats.name, type:'file'},path);
next();
});
walker.on('end',()=>{
resolve(tree);
});
walker.on('errors', (root, nodeStatsArray, next) => {
reject(nodeStatsArray);
next();
});
});
}
}
const fsTreeFetcher = new FsTree();
fsTreeFetcher.getFileSysTree(__dirname).then((result)=>{
console.log(result);
});
