PGAdmin 中的 PostgreSQL 语法错误
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PostgreSQL Syntax error in PGAdmin
提问by user1167541
I am new to PostgreSQL and am using the query tool in PGAdmin. I'm trying to run pgsql queries that use variables, but I can't seem to get the syntax right.
我是 PostgreSQL 的新手，正在使用 PGAdmin 中的查询工具。我正在尝试运行使用变量的 pgsql 查询，但我似乎无法获得正确的语法。
Here's a sample query that gives a syntax error:
这是一个提供语法错误的示例查询：
DECLARE
num INTEGER;
BEGIN
num := 3;
PRINT num;
END;
Update:
Ok, let me try and explain. I come from a SQL server background. In the management studio, I can open a query window and play with (T)-SQL queries.
更新：
好的，让我试着解释一下。我来自 SQL 服务器背景。在管理工作室中，我可以打开一个查询窗口并使用 (T)-SQL 查询。
For example, I can write something like this:
例如，我可以这样写：
DECLARE @num INT
SET @num = 3
SELECT @num
I know this is a dumb example, but I'm just trying to declare a variable and do something with it. I'm trying to familiarise myself with PL/PGSQL.
我知道这是一个愚蠢的例子，但我只是想声明一个变量并用它做一些事情。我正在尝试熟悉 PL/PGSQL。
Update, again:
It's me again. I'm trying the script below and get a "[ERROR ] 7.0-2: syntax error, unexpected character". Is this meant to work in PGAdmin?
再次更新：又
是我。我正在尝试下面的脚本并得到一个“[错误] 7.0-2：语法错误，意外的字符”。这是否意味着在 PGAdmin 中工作？
DECLARE
num INTEGER;
BEGIN
num := 3;
RAISE NOTICE '%', num;
END;
回答by user1167541
You can use the do statement. For example:
您可以使用 do 语句。例如：
do $$
declare
num integer := 10;
begin
RAISE INFO 'VARIABLE: %', num;
end;
$$language plpgsql;
When you use pgadmin you have to use the button EXECUTE QUERY instead of Execute pdScript, as it is explained here:
当您使用 pgadmin 时，您必须使用按钮 EXECUTE QUERY 而不是 Execute pdScript，如下所述：
The documentation for do statements is here:
do 语句的文档在这里：
回答by filiprem
Just to rephrase and "concretize" what others say: There are no inline proceduresin PostgreSQL. There is also no PRINT statement. You have to:
只是重新表述和“具体化”其他人所说的话：PostgreSQL中没有内联过程。也没有 PRINT 语句。你必须：
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test() RETURNS void AS $$
DECLARE
num INTEGER;
BEGIN
num := 3;
RAISE NOTICE '%', num;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
SELECT test();
回答by Edmund
If you're trying to print out num(say, for debugging), you could try:
如果你想打印出来num（比如，为了调试），你可以尝试：
RAISE NOTICE '%', num;
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/static/plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/static/plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html
PRINTdoesn't mean anything in PL/pgSQL.
PRINT在 PL/pgSQL 中没有任何意义。
回答by Edmund
I have no idea what you are trying to achieve. PostgreSQL doesn't support this kind of syntax. Similar keywords (except PRINT?!) are in PL/pgSQL which is procedural language for building FUNCTIONS, not for writing stand-alone SQL queries.
我不知道你想达到什么目的。PostgreSQL 不支持这种语法。类似的关键字（除了 PRINT？！）在 PL/pgSQL 中，它是用于构建 FUNCTIONS 的过程语言，而不是用于编写独立的 SQL 查询。
