如何在 oracle SQL 中使用事务？
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How do I use transaction with oracle SQL?
提问by Vortilion
I am trying to use transaction blocks on a SQL-Console with an Oracle DB. I'm used to use transaxction blocks in PostgreSQL like
我正在尝试在带有 Oracle DB 的 SQL 控制台上使用事务块。我习惯于在 PostgreSQL 中使用事务块，例如
BEGIN;
<simple sql statement>
END;
but in oracle it seems that this is not possible. I'm always getting "ORA-00900" errors and I don't know how to fix that. If I just use SQL-Statements like
但在 oracle 中，这似乎是不可能的。我总是收到“ORA-00900”错误，我不知道如何解决。如果我只使用 SQL 语句，例如
<simple sql statement>
COMMIT;
it works. But isn't there some tag to define the start of a transaction? I tried
有用。但是不是有一些标签来定义事务的开始吗？我试过
START TRANSACTION;
<simple sql statement>
COMMIT;
But it still throws an ORA-00900. My operating system is windows, I am using IntelliJ IDEA and a Oracle 11g DB.
但它仍然抛出一个 ORA-00900。我的操作系统是 Windows，我使用的是 IntelliJ IDEA 和 Oracle 11g DB。
回答by kevinsky
You can have an implicit transaction block by issuing one SQL statement as in
您可以通过发出一条 SQL 语句来拥有一个隐式事务块，如
<simple sql statement>
Commit;
For anonymous blocks or PL/SQL procedures/functions/packages more options are available that you may have seen in Postgres.
对于匿名块或 PL/SQL 过程/函数/包，您可能在 Postgres 中看到了更多可用选项。
If you have several statements that must all succeed or all fall (an atomic transactionthen, from the documentation, you can do:
如果您有几个语句必须全部成功或全部失败（原子事务，然后从文档中，您可以执行以下操作：
DECLARE
<variable declaration>
BEGIN
<simple sql statement>
<simple sql statement>
<simple sql statement>
SAVEPOINT do_insert;
<sql insert statement>
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
ROLLBACK TO do_insert;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Insert has been rolled back');
END;
--and commit outside the transaction
回答by Husqvik
Normal, read committed transaction, starts automatically with the first modified row.
正常的读提交事务，从第一个修改的行自动启动。
If you want to set the transaction explicitly use:
如果要显式设置事务，请使用：
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED- but the transaction will be physically created when first row is modified, not when this statement is executed.
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED- 但事务将在修改第一行时物理创建，而不是在执行此语句时。
or
或者
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE- in this case read consistency will be as of this command is executed. READ ONLYtransaction has the same read consistency effect.
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE- 在这种情况下，读取一致性将在执行此命令时生效。READ ONLY事务具有相同的读一致性效果。
