比较python中的字符串，如sql“like”（带有“%”和“_”）
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Compare strings in python like the sql "like" (with "%" and "_")
提问by Antonio
I have a list in python with some strings, and I need to know witch item in the list is like "A1_8301". This "_" means that can be any char. Is there a quick way to do that?
我在 python 中有一个带有一些字符串的列表，我需要知道列表中的女巫项目就像“A1_8301”。这个“_”表示可以是任何字符。有没有一种快速的方法来做到这一点？
If I was using SQL, i just type something like "where x like "A1_8301"
如果我使用的是 SQL，我只需输入类似“where x like “A1_8301”之类的内容
Thank you!
谢谢！
采纳答案by Martijn Pieters
In Python you'd use a regular expression:
在 Python 中，您将使用正则表达式：
import re
pattern = re.compile(r'^A1.8301$')
matches = [x for x in yourlist if pattern.match(x)]
This produces a list of elements that match your requirements.
这将生成符合您要求的元素列表。
- The
^and$anchors are needed to prevent substringmatches;BA1k8301-42should not match, for example. There.match()call will only match at the start of the tested string, but using^makes this a little more explicit and mirrors the$for the end-of-string anchor nicely. - The
_in a SQL like is translated to., meaning match one character.
- 在
^和$需要锚，防止串匹配;BA1k8301-42例如，不应该匹配。的re.match()通话将只匹配在测试字符串的开头，但使用^使得这个一点更加明确和镜子$的结束串锚很好。 - 将
_SQL like 中的 翻译为.，意思是匹配一个字符。
回答by mgilson
regular expressions are probably the way to go. IIRC, %should map to .*and _should map to ..
正则表达式可能是要走的路。IIRC，%应该映射到.*并且_应该映射到..
matcher = re.compile('^A1.8301$')
list_of_string = [s for s in stringlist if matcher.match(s)]
