bash 使用 shell 脚本时，如何复制名称包含空格和 UNICODE 的文件？
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How can I copy files with names containing spaces and UNICODE, when using a shell script?
提问by LOlliffe
I have a list of files that I'm trying to copy and move (using cp and mv) in a bash shell script. The problem that I'm running into, is that I can't get either command to recognize a huge number of files, seemingly because the filenames contain spaces and/or unicode characters. I couldn't find any switches to decode/re-encode these characters. Instead, for example, if I copy "file name.xml", I get "*.xml" and a script error that the file wasn't found for my result. Does anyone know settings or commands that will deal with these files?
我有一个我试图在 bash shell 脚本中复制和移动（使用 cp 和 mv）的文件列表。我遇到的问题是，我无法使用任一命令来识别大量文件，这似乎是因为文件名包含空格和/或 unicode 字符。我找不到任何开关来解码/重新编码这些字符。相反，例如，如果我复制“文件名.xml”，我会收到“*.xml”和一个脚本错误，提示我的结果找不到该文件。有谁知道将处理这些文件的设置或命令？
EDIT(adding current code): When I run:
编辑（添加当前代码）：当我运行时：
MacBookPro:Desktop$ ./script.sh
MacBookPro：桌面$ ./script.sh
#!/bin/sh
dateVar=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
mkdir /Volumes/Documents/SMSarchive/$dateVar
cd /Volumes/Documents/SMSarchive/SMSdrop
for i in *.xml
do
cp $i /Volumes/Documents/SMSarchive/$dateVar/$dateVar-$i
done
I get the message:
我收到消息：
usage: cp [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fi | -n] [-pvX] source_file target_file cp [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fi | -n] [-pvX] source_file ... target_directory
用法：cp [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fi | -n] [-pvX] source_file target_file cp [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fi | -n] [-pvX] source_file ... target_directory
...when it hits the "cp" command. There's actually more to the script, that processes the copied files further. With a "regular" file name e.g. 'file.xml', everything works fine. It's only files with spaces, or Unicode characters, where I have problems.
...当它点击“cp”命令时。脚本实际上还有更多内容，可以进一步处理复制的文件。使用“常规”文件名，例如“file.xml”，一切正常。它只是带有空格或 Unicode 字符的文件，我遇到了问题。
回答by Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams
Problems with spaces indicates that insufficient quoting has been done. The following is incorrect:
有空格的问题表明引用不充分。以下是不正确的：
someprogram $file
The correct version is as follows:
正确的版本如下：
someprogram "$file"
回答by The HCD
watch out for code errors when $i is null! This can be the result of fatal rm -Rf errors!
当 $i 为空时注意代码错误！这可能是致命的 rm -Rf 错误的结果！
回答by Christopher Hunter
Sometimes there are easier ways than dealing with shell quoting. In your case I would use find -print0and xargs -0. The null character termination allows you to easily manipulate strings with spaces (i.e lists of filenames).
有时有比处理 shell 引用更简单的方法。在你的情况下，我会使用find -print0and xargs -0。空字符终止允许您轻松操作带空格的字符串（即文件名列表）。
For your example, code would look something like this:
对于您的示例，代码如下所示：
#!/bin/sh
dateVar=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
mkdir /Volumes/Documents/SMSarchive/$dateVar
cd /Volumes/Documents/SMSarchive/SMSdrop
find . -maxdepth 1 -name '*.xml' -print0 | \
xargs -0 -I {} cp {} /Volumes/Documents/SMSarchive/$dateVar/$dateVar-{}
