使用Tilde定界符将MSAccess表导出为Unicode
我想从MSAccess2003导出几个表的内容。
这些表包含unicode日语字符。
我想将它们存储为波浪号分隔的文本文件。
我可以使用"文件/导出"手动执行此操作,然后在"高级"对话框中选择"代字号"作为"字段分隔符",并选择" Unicode"作为"代码页"。
我可以将其存储为"导出规范",但这似乎是特定于表的。
我想使用VBA代码导出许多表。
到目前为止,我已经尝试过:
子ExportTables()
Dim lTbl As Long
Dim dBase As Database
Dim TableName As String
Set dBase = CurrentDb
For lTbl = 0 To dBase.TableDefs.Count
'If the table name is a temporary or system table then ignore it
If Left(dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name, 1) = "~" Or _
Left(dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name, 4) = "MSYS" Then
'~ indicates a temporary table
'MSYS indicates a system level table
Else
TableName = dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name
DoCmd.TransferText acExportDelim, "UnicodeTilde", TableName, "c:\" + TableName + ".txt", True
End If
Next lTbl
Set dBase = Nothing
结束子
当我运行它时,我得到一个例外:
运行时错误" 3011":
Microsoft Jet数据库引擎找不到对象" Allowance1#txt"。请确保该对象存在,并且我们正确拼写了其名称和路径名。
如果我在这一点上调试,TableName是'Allowance1',如预期的那样。
我猜我的UnicodeTilde导出规范是特定于表的,因此我不能将其用于多个表。
解决办法是什么?我应该使用TransferText以外的其他方式,还是以编程方式创建导出规范?
任何帮助表示赞赏。
解决方案
我有部分答案:
我正在用VBA编写schema.ini文件,然后执行TransferText。这是在动态创建导出格式。唯一的问题是,尽管我的schema.ini包含:
ColNameHeader = True CharacterSet = Unicode Format = Delimited(~)
只有标头行以带波浪号分隔符的unicode出现。其余的行是带有逗号的ANSI。
我有两个建议给我们:
- 确保将每个设置都放在[schema.ini]文件中的新行中。 (我们已将其全部列在此处,所以我想确定。)
- 调用TransferText时,请不要忘记提供CodePage参数(最后一个)。如果需要,这是受支持的值的列表:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa288104.aspx
除此之外,看来方法应该可行。
我终于解决了这个问题。 (我现在正在使用Access 2007,但与Access 2003一样有同样的问题。)
首先,什么不起作用:
即使使用正确格式的schema.ini,TransferText也只会使Header Row Unicode和代字号分隔。 (不,我没有将所有内容放在一行上,那只是stackoverflow上的html的格式问题。)
[MyTable.txt] CharacterSet = Unicode Format = Delimited(~) ColNameHeader = True NumberDigits = 10 Col1= "Col1" Char Width 10 Col2= "Col2" Integer Col3= "Col3" Char Width 2
仅使用选择语句:
SELECT * INTO [Text;DATABASE=c:\export\;FMT=Delimited(~)].[MyTable.txt] FROM [MyTable]
完全忽略了FMT。我发现很难找到有关参数格式的文档。无论我在FMT参数中键入什么,我唯一可以使用的东西都是固定的。其他所有内容均视为CSVDelimited。我可以这样检查一下,因为select语句创建了一个schema.ini文件,如下所示:
[MyTable.txt] ColNameHeader=True CharacterSet=1252 Format=CSVDelimited Col1=Col1 Char Width 10 Col2=Col2 Integer Col3=Col3 Char Width 2
我最终的解决方案是创建自己的schema.ini,然后使用select语句。我的模块代码如下所示:
Option Compare Database
Option Explicit
Public Function CreateSchemaFile(bIncFldNames As Boolean, _
sPath As String, _
sSectionName As String, _
sTblQryName As String) As Boolean
Dim Msg As String
On Local Error GoTo CreateSchemaFile_Err
Dim ws As Workspace, db As Database
Dim tblDef As TableDef, fldDef As Field
Dim i As Integer, Handle As Integer
Dim fldName As String, fldDataInfo As String
' -----------------------------------------------
' Set DAO objects.
' -----------------------------------------------
Set db = CurrentDb()
' -----------------------------------------------
' Open schema file for append.
' -----------------------------------------------
Handle = FreeFile
Open sPath & "schema.ini" For Output Access Write As #Handle
' -----------------------------------------------
' Write schema header.
' -----------------------------------------------
Print #Handle, "[" & sSectionName & "]"
Print #Handle, "CharacterSet = Unicode"
Print #Handle, "Format = Delimited(~)"
Print #Handle, "ColNameHeader = " & _
IIf(bIncFldNames, "True", "False")
Print #Handle, "NumberDigits = 10"
' -----------------------------------------------
' Get data concerning schema file.
' -----------------------------------------------
Set tblDef = db.TableDefs(sTblQryName)
With tblDef
For i = 0 To .Fields.Count - 1
Set fldDef = .Fields(i)
With fldDef
fldName = .Name
Select Case .Type
Case dbBoolean
fldDataInfo = "Bit"
Case dbByte
fldDataInfo = "Byte"
Case dbInteger
fldDataInfo = "Short"
Case dbLong
fldDataInfo = "Integer"
Case dbCurrency
fldDataInfo = "Currency"
Case dbSingle
fldDataInfo = "Single"
Case dbDouble
fldDataInfo = "Double"
Case dbDate
fldDataInfo = "Date"
Case dbText
fldDataInfo = "Char Width " & Format$(.Size)
Case dbLongBinary
fldDataInfo = "OLE"
Case dbMemo
fldDataInfo = "LongChar"
Case dbGUID
fldDataInfo = "Char Width 16"
End Select
Print #Handle, "Col" & Format$(i + 1) _
& "= """ & fldName & """" & Space$(1); "" _
& fldDataInfo
End With
Next i
End With
CreateSchemaFile = True
CreateSchemaFile_End:
Close Handle
Exit Function
CreateSchemaFile_Err:
Msg = "Error #: " & Format$(Err.Number) & vbCrLf
Msg = Msg & Err.Description
MsgBox Msg
Resume CreateSchemaFile_End
End Function
Public Function ExportATable(TableName As String)
Dim ThePath As String
Dim FileName As String
Dim TheQuery As String
Dim Exporter As QueryDef
ThePath = "c:\export\"
FileName = TableName + ".txt"
CreateSchemaFile True, ThePath, FileName, TableName
On Error GoTo IgnoreDeleteFileErrors
FileSystem.Kill ThePath + FileName
IgnoreDeleteFileErrors:
TheQuery = "SELECT * INTO [Text;DATABASE=" + ThePath + "].[" + FileName + "] FROM [" + TableName + "]"
Set Exporter = CurrentDb.CreateQueryDef("", TheQuery)
Exporter.Execute
End Function
Sub ExportTables()
Dim lTbl As Long
Dim dBase As Database
Dim TableName As String
Set dBase = CurrentDb
For lTbl = 0 To dBase.TableDefs.Count - 1
'If the table name is a temporary or system table then ignore it
If Left(dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name, 1) = "~" Or _
Left(dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name, 4) = "MSYS" Then
'~ indicates a temporary table
'MSYS indicates a system level table
Else
TableName = dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name
ExportATable (TableName)
End If
Next lTbl
Set dBase = Nothing
End Sub
我没有宣称这很优雅,但确实有效。另请注意,stackoverflow代码格式化程序不喜欢我的",因此它不会很好地打印我的代码。

