从 unix 命令行进行基本 xml 解析的最简单方法
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Simplest way to do basic xml parsing from unix command line
提问by jonderry
I'm searching for xml files that have certain properties. For example, files that contain the following pattern:
我正在搜索具有某些属性的 xml 文件。例如，包含以下模式的文件：
<param-value>
<name>Hosts</name>
<description>some description</description>
<value></value>
</param-value>
For such files, I'd like to parse the value of another tag, such as:
对于此类文件，我想解析另一个标签的值，例如：
<param-value>
<name>Roles</name>
<description>some description</description>
<value>asdf</value>
</param-value>
And print out the file name along with "asdf". What's the simplest way to accomplish this from the command line?
并将文件名与“asdf”一起打印出来。从命令行完成此操作的最简单方法是什么？
One approach I was thinking of was just using grep with the -l option to filter the matching files out, and then using xargs grep to extract the value of Roles. However, grep doesn't work well with multi-line regexes. I saw another question that showed it could be done with the -Pzo options, but didn't have any luck getting it to work in my case. Is there a simpler approach?
我想到的一种方法是使用带有 -l 选项的 grep 来过滤匹配的文件，然后使用 xargs grep 来提取 Roles 的值。但是，grep 不适用于多行正则表达式。我看到另一个问题，表明它可以用 -Pzo 选项完成，但没有运气让它在我的情况下工作。有没有更简单的方法？
回答by Mark O'Connor
The following linux command uses XPath to access specified values within the XML file
以下 linux 命令使用 XPath 访问 XML 文件中的指定值
for xml in `find . -name "*.xml"`
do
echo $xml `xmllint --xpath "/param-value/value/text()" $xml`| awk 'NF>1'
done
Example output for matching XML files:
匹配 XML 文件的示例输出：
./test1.xml asdf
./test4.xml 1234
回答by jonderry
I worked out a couple of solutions using basic perl/awk functionality (basically a poor man's parsing of the tags). If you see any improvements using only basic perl/awk functionality, let me know. I avoided dealing with multiline regular expressions by setting a flag with I see a particular tag. Kind of clumsy but it works.
我使用基本的 perl/awk 功能（基本上是一个穷人对标签的解析）制定了几个解决方案。如果您发现仅使用基本的 perl/awk 功能有任何改进，请告诉我。我通过设置一个标志来避免处理多行正则表达式，我看到了一个特定的标签。有点笨拙，但它有效。
perl:
珀尔：
perl -ne '$h = 1 if m/Host/; $r = 1 if m/Role/; if ($h && m/<value>/) { $h = 0; print "hosts: ", $_ =~ /<value>(.*)</, "\n"}; if ($r && m/<value>/) { $r = 0; print "\nrole: ", $_ =~ /<value>(.*)</, "\n" }'
awk:
awk：
awk '/Host/ {h = 1} /Role/ {r = 1} h && /<value>/ {h = 0; match($ xmlstarlet ed -u /param-value/name -v Roles -u /param-value/value -v asdf data.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<param-value>
<name>Roles</name>
<description>some description</description>
<value>asdf</value>
</param-value>
, "<value>(.*)<", a); print "hosts: " a[1]} r && /<value>/ {r = 0; match(for my $file in { glob "*.xml" } {
open $file ;
my $param_value = //param-value[name="Hosts"] ;
if $param_value echo $file $value/value ;
}
, "<value>(.*)<", a); print "\nrole: " a[1]}'
