bash 如何使用 CMake 获取目标的相对路径？
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How to get a relative path to a target with CMake?
提问by Alex
I have a project that uses CMake to generate build scripts, and each platform puts the executable that are generated in a different place. We have a non-programmer on our team who does not have build tools and I want to be able to bundle up all the files, scripts and executables necessary to run the project so that he can run the project.
我有一个使用CMake生成构建脚本的项目，每个平台将生成的可执行文件放在不同的地方。我们团队中有一位非程序员，他没有构建工具，我希望能够将运行项目所需的所有文件、脚本和可执行文件捆绑在一起，以便他可以运行项目。
To do that, I've added a custom target that takes all the necessary files and zips them up. It also generates a very simple script (which is included in the zip file) that he can just click on that should run a script then launch the executable, like so:
为此，我添加了一个自定义目标，用于获取所有必要的文件并将它们压缩。它还会生成一个非常简单的脚本（包含在 zip 文件中），他只需单击该脚本即可运行脚本，然后启动可执行文件，如下所示：
add_custom_target(runcommand
COMMAND echo '\#!/bin/bash -eu' > run.command &&
echo 'cd `dirname $file(RELATIVE_PATH variable directory file)
`' >> run.command &&
echo './scripts/prerun_script.sh && ${MY_EXECUTABLE}' >> run.command &&
chmod +x run.command)
The problem with this is that MY_EXECUTABLE is a hardcoded path to the executable on my system. I would like it to be a relative path so that I can just take this resultant zip file, unzip it anywhere and run it from there. What I would like is to get the path to MY_EXECUTABLE relative to the root directory of my project so that this script can be run from anywhere.
问题在于 MY_EXECUTABLE 是我系统上可执行文件的硬编码路径。我希望它是一个相对路径，这样我就可以把这个生成的 zip 文件解压到任何地方，然后从那里运行它。我想要的是获取相对于我的项目根目录的 MY_EXECUTABLE 路径，以便可以从任何地方运行该脚本。
回答by Lindydancer
You can use:
您可以使用：
file(RELATIVE_PATH rel ${MY_ROOT} ${MY_EXECUTABLE})
Concretely, assume that MY_ROOTcontains the root directory (there might be a suitable predefined CMake variable for this), this will set relto the relative path of MY_EXECUTABLE:
具体来说，假设MY_ROOT包含根目录（可能有一个合适的预定义 CMake 变量），这将设置rel为的相对路径MY_EXECUTABLE：
file(RELATIVE_PATH rel ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} ${MY_EXECUTABLE})
回答by Innokentiy Alaytsev
In case where you want to get path relative to project root, you may use PROJECT_SOURCE_DIRCMake variable:
如果您想获取相对于项目根目录的路径，您可以使用PROJECT_SOURCE_DIRCMake 变量：
THISDIR=`pwd`
MY_EXECUTABLE=$THISDIR/test/someexec
REL_EXECUTABLE=${MY_EXECUTABLE##$THISDIR/}
echo $REL_EXECUTABLE
Remember, that MY_EXECUTABLEmust contain full path to file.
请记住，它MY_EXECUTABLE必须包含文件的完整路径。
回答by zerodiff
Something like this would work:
像这样的事情会起作用：
${MY_EXECUTABLE##`pwd`/}
Basically, this chops off the base path from $MY_EXECUTABLE. In this example, I just set up MY_EXECUTABLEas a test to give it a full path. The one-line equivalent for what you want is:
基本上，这从$MY_EXECUTABLE. 在这个例子中，我只是设置了MY_EXECUTABLE一个测试来给它一个完整的路径。您想要的单行等效项是：
I guess this assumes pwdis the root of your project. Otherwise, see the Cmake variabledoc.
我想这假设pwd是您项目的根。否则，请参阅Cmake 变量文档。
(As an aside, this makes me nostalgic for the kshdays.)
（顺便说一句，这让我怀念那些ksh日子。）
