C# 是否有一种 .NET 方法来枚举所有可用的网络打印机？

Is there a .NET way to enumerate all available network printers?

提问by Mark Carpenter

Is there a straightforward way to enumerate all visible network printers in .NET? Currently, I'm showing the PrintDialog to allow the user to select a printer. The problem with that is, local printers are displayed as well (along with XPS Document Writer and the like). If I can enumerate network printers myself, I can show a custom dialog with just those printers.

是否有一种直接的方法来枚举 .NET 中所有可见的网络打印机？目前，我正在展示 PrintDialog 以允许用户选择打印机。问题是，本地打印机也会显示（以及 XPS Document Writer 等）。如果我可以自己枚举网络打印机，我可以只显示这些打印机的自定义对话框。

Thanks!!

谢谢！！

采纳答案by Andrija

found this code here

在这里找到了这个代码

 private void btnGetPrinters_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
// Use the ObjectQuery to get the list of configured printers
            System.Management.ObjectQuery oquery =
                new System.Management.ObjectQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_Printer");

            System.Management.ManagementObjectSearcher mosearcher =
                new System.Management.ManagementObjectSearcher(oquery);

            System.Management.ManagementObjectCollection moc = mosearcher.Get();

            foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc)
            {
                System.Management.PropertyDataCollection pdc = mo.Properties;
                foreach (System.Management.PropertyData pd in pdc)
                {
                    if ((bool)mo["Network"])
                    {
                        cmbPrinters.Items.Add(mo[pd.Name]);
                    }
                }
            }

        }

Update:

更新：

"This API function can enumerate all network resources, including servers, workstations, printers, shares, remote directories etc."

“这个 API 函数可以枚举所有网络资源，包括服务器、工作站、打印机、共享、远程目录等。”

http://www.planet-source-code.com/vb/scripts/ShowCode.asp?txtCodeId=741&lngWId=10

http://www.planet-source-code.com/vb/scripts/ShowCode.asp?txtCodeId=741&lngWId=10

回答by Robert

PrinterSettiings.InstalledPrintersshould give you the collection you want

PrinterSettiings.InstalledPrinters应该给你你想要的集合

回答by Simon

using the new System.Printing API

使用新的 System.Printing API

using (var printServer = new PrintServer(string.Format(@"\{0}", PrinterServerName)))
{
    foreach (var queue in printServer.GetPrintQueues())
    {
        if (!queue.IsShared)
        {
            continue;
        }
        Debug.WriteLine(queue.Name);
     }
 }

回答by Simon_Weaver

• Get the default printer from LocalPrintServer.DefaultPrintQueue
• Get the installed printers (from user's perspective) from PrinterSettings.InstalledPrinters
• Enumerate through the list:
• Any printer beginning with \\is a network printer - so get the queue with new PrintServer("\\UNCPATH").GetPrintQueue("QueueName")
• Any printer not beginning with \\is a local printer so get it with LocalPrintServer.GetQueue("Name")
• You can see which is default by comparing FullNameproperty.

• 获取默认打印机 LocalPrintServer.DefaultPrintQueue
• 从以下位置获取已安装的打印机（从用户的角度） PrinterSettings.InstalledPrinters
• 通过列表枚举：
• 任何以 开头的打印机\\都是网络打印机 - 所以用new PrintServer("\\UNCPATH").GetPrintQueue("QueueName")
• 任何不以 开头的打印机\\都是本地打印机，因此请使用LocalPrintServer.GetQueue("Name")
• 您可以通过比较FullName属性来查看哪个是默认值。

Note: a network printer can be the default printer from LocalPrintServer.DefaultPrintQueue, but not appear in LocalPrintServer.GetPrintQueues()

注意：网络打印机可以是 中的默认打印机LocalPrintServer.DefaultPrintQueue，但不会出现在LocalPrintServer.GetPrintQueues()

    // get available printers
    LocalPrintServer printServer = new LocalPrintServer();
    PrintQueue defaultPrintQueue = printServer.DefaultPrintQueue;

    // get all printers installed (from the users perspective)he t
    var printerNames = PrinterSettings.InstalledPrinters;
    var availablePrinters = printerNames.Cast<string>().Select(printerName => 
    {
        var match = Regex.Match(printerName, @"(?<machine>\\.*?)\(?<queue>.*)");
        PrintQueue queue;
        if (match.Success)
        {
            queue = new PrintServer(match.Groups["machine"].Value).GetPrintQueue(match.Groups["queue"].Value);
        }
        else
        {
            queue = printServer.GetPrintQueue(printerName);
        }

        var capabilities = queue.GetPrintCapabilities();
        return new AvailablePrinterInfo()
        {
            Name = printerName,
            Default = queue.FullName == defaultPrintQueue.FullName,
            Duplex = capabilities.DuplexingCapability.Contains(Duplexing.TwoSidedLongEdge),
            Color = capabilities.OutputColorCapability.Contains(OutputColor.Color)
        };
    }).ToArray();

    DefaultPrinter = AvailablePrinters.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Default);

回答by ViniCoder

In another post(https://stackoverflow.com/a/30758129/6513653) relationed to this one, Scott Chamberlain said "I do not believe there is anything in .NET that can do this, you will need to make a native call". After to try all the possible .NET resource, I think he is right. So, I started to investigate how ADD PRINTER dialog does its search. Using Wireshark, I found out that ADD PRINTER send at least two types of packages to all hosts in local network: two http/xml request to 3911 port and three SNMP requests. The first SNMP request is a get-next 1.3.6.1.2.1.43, which is Printer-MIB. The second one, is a get 1.3.6.1.4.1.2699.1.2.1.2.1.1.3 which is pmPrinterIEEE1284DeviceId of PRINTER-PORT-MONITOR-MIB. This is the most interesting because is where ADD PRINTER takes printer name. The third is a get 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0, which is sysDescr of SNMP MIB-2 System. I do believe that the second SNMP request is enough to find most of network printers in local network, so I did this code. It works for Windows Form Application and it depends on SnmpSharpNet.

在另一篇与此相关的帖子（https://stackoverflow.com/a/30758129/6513653）中，Scott Chamberlain 说：“我不相信 .NET 中有任何东西可以做到这一点，您需要进行本地调用”。在尝试了所有可能的 .NET 资源之后，我认为他是对的。所以，我开始研究 ADD PRINTER 对话框是如何进行搜索的。使用 Wireshark，我发现 ADD PRINTER 至少向本地网络中的所有主机发送两种类型的包：两个 http/xml 请求到 3911 端口和三个 SNMP 请求。第一个 SNMP 请求是 get-next 1.3.6.1.2.1.43，即 Printer-MIB。第二个是 get 1.3.6.1.4.1.2699.1.2.1.2.1.1.3，它是 PRINTER-PORT-MONITOR-MIB 的 pmPrinterIEEE1284DeviceId。这是最有趣的，因为这是 ADD PRINTER 取打印机名称的地方。第三个是get 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0，它是SNMP MIB-2系统的sysDescr。我相信第二个 SNMP 请求足以在本地网络中找到大多数网络打印机，所以我做了这个代码。它适用于 Windows 窗体应用程序，它依赖于 SnmpSharpNet。

Edit: I'm using ARP Ping instead normal Ping to search active hosts in network. Link for an example project: ListNetworks C# Project

编辑：我使用 ARP Ping 而不是普通 Ping 来搜索网络中的活动主机。示例项目的链接：ListNetworks C# 项目

回答by Underground

Note that if you're working over RDP it seems to complicate this because it looks like it just exports everything on the host as a local printer.

请注意，如果您在 RDP 上工作，这似乎会使情况复杂化，因为它看起来只是将主机上的所有内容导出为本地打印机。

Which is then a problem if you're expecting it to work the same way when not on RDP.

如果您希望它在不使用 RDP 时以相同的方式工作，那么这就是一个问题。