在 MySQL 中解析日期

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时间:2020-08-31 16:36:12  来源:igfitidea点击:

Parse date in MySQL

mysqldate-formatdate-formattingdate-parsing

提问by Daniel Vassallo

How to convert the following into date for insertion/update into a TIMESTAMPor DATEfield in MySQL?

如何将以下内容转换为插入/更新到MySQL 中的TIMESTAMPorDATE字段的日期?

'15-Dec-09'

DATE_FORMAT()is used to format date, but not the other way around.

DATE_FORMAT()用于格式化日期,但反之则不然。

回答by Daniel Vassallo

You may want to use the STR_TO_DATE()function. It's the inverse of the DATE_FORMAT()function.

您可能想要使用该STR_TO_DATE()功能。这是DATE_FORMAT()函数的反函数。

STR_TO_DATE(str,format)

This is the inverse of the DATE_FORMAT()function. It takes a string strand a format string format. STR_TO_DATE()returns aDATETIMEvalue if the format string contains both date and time parts, or a DATEor TIMEvalue if the string contains only date or time parts. If the date, time, or datetime value extracted from stris illegal, STR_TO_DATE()returns NULLand produces a warning.

STR_TO_DATE(字符串,格式)

这是DATE_FORMAT()函数的反函数。它需要一个字符串str和一个格式字符串format。如果格式字符串包含日期和时间部分,则STR_TO_DATE()返回一个DATETIME值,如果字符串只包含日期或时间部分,则返回一个DATETIME值。如果从中提取的日期、时间或日期时间值不str合法,则STR_TO_DATE()返回NULL并产生警告。

Example:

例子:

SELECT STR_TO_DATE('15-Dec-09', '%d-%b-%y') AS date;
+------------+
| date       |
+------------+
| 2009-12-15 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

回答by Bob Stein

Here's a table of format %-codes used in DATE_FORMAT()and STR_TO_DATE().

这是DATE_FORMAT()STR_TO_DATE() 中使用的格式 %-codes 表。

     -----examples-for------
     1999-12-31   2000-01-02
     23:59:58.999 03:04:05      identical to
     ------------ ----------    -------------
 %a  Fri          Sun      LEFT(DAYNAME(d),3)
 %b  Dec          Jan      LEFT(MONTHNAME(d),3)
 %c  12           1             MONTH(d)            
 %D  31st         2nd           DAYOFMONTH(d)+st,nd,rd
 %d  31           02       LPAD(DAYOFMONTH(d),0,2)
 %e  31           2             DAYOFMONTH(d)     
 %f  999000       000000   LPAD(MICROSECOND(t),6,0)
 %H  23           03       LPAD(HOUR(t),2,0)
 %h  11           03
 %I  11           03
 %i  59           04       LPAD(MINUTE(t),2,0)
 %j  365          002
 %k  23           3             HOUR(t)             
 %l  11           3
 %M  December     January       MONTHNAME(d)  
 %m  12           01       LPAD(MONTH(d),2,0) 
 %p  PM           AM
 %r  11:59:58 PM  03:04:05 AM
 %S  58           05       LPAD(SECOND(t),2,0)
 %s  58           05       LPAD(SECOND(t),2,0)
 %T  23:59:58     03:04:05
 %U  52           01       LPAD(WEEK(d,0),2,0)
 %u  52           00       LPAD(WEEK(d,1),2,0)
 %V  52           01      RIGHT(YEARWEEK(d,2),2)
 %v  52           52      RIGHT(YEARWEEK(d,3),2)
 %W  Friday       Sunday        DAYNAME(d)
 %w  5            0             DAYOFWEEK(d)-1
 %X  1999         2000     LEFT(YEARWEEK(d,2),4)
 %x  1999         1999     LEFT(YEARWEEK(d,3),4)
 %Y  1999         2000          YEAR(d)   
 %y  99           00      RIGHT(YEAR(d),2)
 %%  %            %

or

或者

%X%V 199952       200001        YEARWEEK(d,2)
%x%v 199952       199952        YEARWEEK(d,3)

By the way there are no %-codes for unpadded minutes or seconds:

顺便说一句,未填充的分钟或秒没有 % 代码:

     59           4             MINUTE(t)  
     58           5             SECOND(t)

In action:

在行动:

 '15-Dec-09' == DATE_FORMAT('2009-12-15', '%d-%b-%y')
 '2009-12-15' == STR_TO_DATE('15-Dec-09', '%d-%b-%y')