C语言 EXIT_FAILURE 与退出（1）？
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13667364/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
EXIT_FAILURE vs exit(1)?
提问by temporary_user_name
What's the difference? Which is preferred, or when should I use each one respectively?
有什么不同？哪个是首选，或者我应该什么时候分别使用每个？
回答by Alok Save
exit(1)(usually) indicates unsuccessful termination. However, its usage is non-portable. For example, on OpenVMS, exit(1)actually indicates success.
exit(1)（通常）表示不成功的终止。然而，它的使用是不可移植的。例如，在OpenVMS 上，exit(1)实际上表示成功。
Only EXIT_FAILUREis the standard value for returning unsuccessful termination, but 1is used for the same in many implementations.
OnlyEXIT_FAILURE是返回不成功终止的标准值，但1在许多实现中用于相同的值。
So to summarize:
If you want to write perfectly portable code use,
所以总结一下：
如果你想编写完美可移植的代码使用，
EXIT_FAILUREfor failure case. While,
You can use either exit(0)or EXIT_SUCCESSfor success case.
EXIT_FAILURE对于失败的情况。同时，
您可以使用exit(0)或EXIT_SUCCESS用于成功案例。
Note that, EXIT_SUCCESSor 0are both same.
请注意，EXIT_SUCCESS或0两者都相同。
Reference:
参考：
C99 Standard: 7.20.4.3 The exitfunction
Para 5
C99 标准：7.20.4.3exit功能
第 5 段
Finally, control is returned to the host environment. If the value of status is
zeroorEXIT_SUCCESS, an implementation-de?ned form of the status successful termination is returned. If the value of status isEXIT_FAILURE, an implementation-de?ned form of the status unsuccessful termination is returned. Otherwise the status returned is implementation-de?ned.
最后，控制权返回给宿主环境。如果状态的值为
zero或EXIT_SUCCESS，则返回状态成功终止的实现定义形式。如果状态的值为EXIT_FAILURE，则返回状态不成功终止的实现定义形式。否则返回的状态是实现定义的。
回答by Jerry Coffin
For truly portable code, EXIT_FAILUREis preferred. The C standard only defines meaning for three values: EXIT_FAILURE, 0, and EXIT_SUCCESS(with 0and EXIT_SUCCESSessentially synonymous).
对于真正可移植的代码，EXIT_FAILURE是首选。C标准仅定义意为三个值：EXIT_FAILURE，0，及EXIT_SUCCESS（具有0和EXIT_SUCCESS基本上同义）。
From a practical viewpoint, mosttypical systems accept other values as well. If memory serves, Linux will let you return any 8-bit value, and Windows 16-bit values. Unless you honestly might care about porting to an IBM mainframe, VMS, etc., chances are you don't care about most of the systems that won't support at least 8-bit return values.
从实用的角度来看，大多数典型系统也接受其他值。如果没记错的话，Linux 将允许您返回任何 8 位值和 Windows 16 位值。除非您真的关心移植到 IBM 大型机、VMS 等，否则您很可能不关心大多数不支持至少 8 位返回值的系统。
回答by Ed Heal
Use EXIT_FAILURE. It is a constant that is used throughout the OS. Its value could be something else than 1 and also it is more descriptive in the code.
使用EXIT_FAILURE. 它是在整个操作系统中使用的常量。它的值可能不是 1，而且它在代码中更具描述性。
回答by Ravindra Bagale
There are conventions for what sorts of status values certain programs should return. The most common convention is simply 0 for success and 1 for failure. Programs that perform comparison use a different convention: they use status 1 to indicate a mismatch, and status 2 to indicate an inability to compare. Your program should follow an existing convention if an existing convention makes sense for it.
对于某些程序应该返回什么样的状态值，有一些约定。最常见的约定是 0 表示成功，1 表示失败。执行比较的程序使用不同的约定：它们使用状态 1 表示不匹配，使用状态 2 表示无法比较。如果现有约定对其有意义，您的程序应该遵循现有约定。
Some non-POSIX systems use different conventions for exit status values.
For greater portability, you can use the macrosEXIT_SUCCESSandEXIT_FAILUREfor the conventional status value for success and failure, respectively. They are declared in the file stdlib.h.
一些非 POSIX 系统对退出状态值使用不同的约定。
For greater portability，您可以分别使用宏EXIT_SUCCESS和EXIT_FAILURE用于成功和失败的常规状态值。它们在文件 stdlib.h 中声明。
