bash 删除最后/在bash之前的所有内容
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Delete everything before last / in bash
提问by Sal
I have many file paths in a file that look like so:
我在一个文件中有很多文件路径，如下所示：
/home/rtz11/files/testfiles/547/prob547455_01
I want to use a bash script that will print all the filenames only to the screen. so basically after the last /. I don't want to assume that it would always be the same length because it might not be. Would there be a way to delete everything before the last /? Maybe a sedcommand? Any help would be greatly appreciated!
我想使用一个 bash 脚本，它只会将所有文件名打印到屏幕上。所以基本上在最后/。我不想假设它总是相同的长度，因为它可能不是。有没有办法删除最后一个之前的所有内容/？也许是sed命令？任何帮助将不胜感激！
回答by Charles Duffy
Using sedfor this is vast overkill -- bash has extensive string manipulation built in, and using this built-in support is far more efficient when operating on only a single line.
使用sed它是一种极大的矫枉过正——bash 内置了大量的字符串操作，当仅在一行上操作时，使用这种内置支持效率更高。
s=/home/rtz11/files/testfiles/547/prob547455_01
basename="${s##*/}"
echo "$basename"
This will remove everything from the beginning of the string greedily matching */. See the bash-hackers wiki entry for parameter expansion.
这将从贪婪匹配的字符串开头删除所有内容*/。有关参数扩展，请参阅bash-hackers wiki 条目。
If you only want to remove everything prior tothe last /, but not including it (a literal reading of your question, but also a generally less useful operation), you might instead want if [[ $s = */* ]]; then echo "/${s##*/}"; else echo "$s"; fi.
如果您只想删除最后一个之前的所有内容/，但不包括它（对您的问题的字面解读，但通常也是一个不太有用的操作），您可能想要if [[ $s = */* ]]; then echo "/${s##*/}"; else echo "$s"; fi.
回答by William Pursell
awk '{print $NF}' FS=/ input-file
The 'print $NF' directs awk to print the last field of each line, and assigning FS=/ makes forward slash the field delimeter. In sed, you could do:
'print $NF' 指示 awk 打印每行的最后一个字段，并分配 FS=/ 使字段分隔符正斜杠。在 sed 中，你可以这样做：
sed 's@.*/@@' input-file
which simply deletes everything up to and including the last /.
它只是删除所有内容，包括最后一个/.
回答by unifex
Meandering but simply because I can remember the syntax I use:
蜿蜒但仅仅是因为我记得我使用的语法：
cat file | rev | cut -d/ -f1 | rev
猫文件| 转 | 剪切 -d/ -f1 | 转
Many ways to skin a 'cat'. Ouch.
给“猫”剥皮的方法有很多种。哎哟。
