oracle 命名用户plus，这是什么？

Named user plus, what is this?

提问by DJdesktop

I was looking at oracle liecense, it looks cheap for named user plus. I mean if I develop a web application in which user has no interaction with database other than registering and logging in and if I make a virtual user inside server to do all these things that is get user name and password from users ect. keep them in queue and execute database commands one by one. Will I need more than one named user plus for this, I am total noob in oracle and web field , i m just a designer who is learning server side technologies so if this question is invalid please let me know why.

我在看 oracle license，它对于命名用户 plus 来说看起来很便宜。我的意思是，如果我开发一个 Web 应用程序，其中用户除了注册和登录之外没有与数据库的交互，并且如果我在服务器内创建一个虚拟用户来完成所有这些事情，即从用户那里获取用户名和密码等。将它们排在队列中并一一执行数据库命令。我是否需要不止一个命名用户加上为此，我在 oracle 和 web 领域完全是菜鸟，我只是一个正在学习服务器端技术的设计师，所以如果这个问题无效，请告诉我原因。

回答by dpbradley

Named user licensing is not the best option in this situation - Oracle considers the web application a multiplexing device and will require you to track the users of the application and purchase a named user license for each of them.

在这种情况下，指定用户许可并不是最佳选择 - Oracle 将 Web 应用程序视为多路复用设备，并要求您跟踪应用程序的用户并为每个用户购买指定用户许可。

[Edit] I see that you've received some good additional licensing information in the other answers, but in short an Oracle schema != an application user. Years ago I was unlucky enough to be the POC for an unwelcome audit by Oracle and for our intranet application I was required to report distinct IP addresses connecting to the application from the web server.

[编辑] 我看到您在其他答案中收到了一些很好的附加许可信息，但简而言之是 Oracle 模式！= 应用程序用户。几年前，我不幸成为 Oracle 不受欢迎的审计的 POC，并且对于我们的 Intranet 应用程序，我被要求报告从 Web 服务器连接到应用程序的不同 IP 地址。

回答by APC

Oracle licensing is a labyrinth which few people understand. Even most Oracle employees won't discuss it because it's so complicated. In fact there are almost as many consultants making a living from offering licensing advice as there are from tuning the actual databases.

Oracle 许可是一个很少有人理解的迷宫。即使是大多数 Oracle 员工也不会讨论它，因为它太复杂了。事实上，靠提供许可建议谋生的顾问几乎与靠调整实际数据库谋生的顾问一样多。

So the following is just an opinion, and you definitely should not use it as the basis of a business plan.

所以以下只是一个意见，你绝对不应该把它作为商业计划的基础。

If your web application is for an intranet you could purchase a Named User Plus license, because you should be able to identify each and every user of your application. But if your application is going on the Internet with an unknown and unknowable userbase you will need to buy Per Processor licenses.

如果您的 Web 应用程序用于 Intranet，您可以购买 Named User Plus 许可证，因为您应该能够识别应用程序的每个用户。但是，如果您的应用程序以未知和不可知的用户群在 Internet 上运行，您将需要购买 Per Processor 许可证。

Oracle has a complicated mechanism for licensing multi-core processors. It very much depends on which platform and type of chip we're using. It is an area of licensing which Oracle revises on a regular basis, as they try to come to terms with multi-core CPUs. It used to be that pretty much everything was 0.75; as Zendar points out, it is now the case that many configurations are licensed at 0.5 per core. Oracle always round up, so if we have a single dual-core CPU which attracts a 0.75 per core multiplier it will still cost us two Per Processor licenses, but a quad-core will only cost three. Find out more.

Oracle 有一个复杂的多核处理器许可机制。这在很大程度上取决于我们使用的平台和芯片类型。这是 Oracle 定期修订的许可领域，因为他们试图与多核 CPU 达成协议。过去几乎所有的东西都是 0.75；正如 Zendar 指出的那样，现在许多配置的许可价格为每核 0.5。Oracle 总是向上取整，因此如果我们有一个双核 CPU，每核倍数为 0.75，它仍将花费我们两个 Per Processor 许可，但四核将只花费三个。 了解更多。

One thing to bear in mind is that if you application has quite lightweight DB requirements - that is, less than 4GB of application data, suitable to run on a single CPU (single core) - you can use the Express Edition for free, for any purpose.

需要记住的一件事是，如果您的应用程序有相当轻量级的数据库需求——即小于 4GB 的应用程序数据，适合在单个 CPU（单核）上运行——您可以免费使用 Express Edition，对于任何目的。

One more thing: licenses apply to all databases, not just those in produvction. So you need to factor in the cost of licensing your development and test environments as well.

还有一件事：许可证适用于所有数据库，而不仅仅是生产中的数据库。因此，您还需要考虑许可开发和测试环境的成本。

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With regards to that last point Zendar cites the OTN Download license. That outlines what we can do with products we have downloaded from OTN. The problem with the OTN Download license is made clear in Oracle's explanation of Database Licensing:

关于最后一点，Zendar 引用了 OTN 下载许可。这概述了我们可以对从 OTN 下载的产品执行的操作。OTN 下载许可的问题在 Oracle 对数据库许可的解释中明确说明：

"This limited license gives the user the right to develop, but not to deploy, applications using the licensed products. It also limits the use of the downloaded product to one person, and limits installation of the product to one server."

“此有限许可赋予用户使用许可产品开发应用程序的权利，但不能部署应用程序。它还将下载的产品的使用限制为一个人，并将产品的安装限制为一台服务器。”

So: if we're a one-man operation (no dog) we can develop an application using the OTN Download license. But if we want a team of developers sharing a database we need a Full Use license. And once we're supporting an application in production we need a Full Use license for the maintenance (formerly development) environment.

所以：如果我们是单人操作（没有狗），我们可以使用 OTN 下载许可证开发应用程序。但是如果我们想要一个开发团队共享一个数据库，我们需要一个完整使用许可。一旦我们支持生产中的应用程序，我们就需要维护（以前的开发）环境的完整使用许可。

The other consideration is this: if we want support and patches for our development environment then we need a proper license.

另一个考虑是：如果我们需要为我们的开发环境提供支持和补丁，那么我们需要一个适当的许可证。

I said it was a labyrinth.

我说那是迷宫。

回答by zendar

Oracle for a long time have price listpublished on its website. So, there is no any secret there.
There you will find their definition of "Named user plus".

Oracle长期以来在其网站上公布了价格表。所以，那里没有任何秘密。
在那里你会找到他们对“命名用户加”的定义。

Short interpretation: named user plus is every individual and/or device that accesses database.
You can buy per processor license or per named user, pick one that suites you better (be careful with processor license - Oracle have some formula for counting processor cores - check price list and Oracle Processor Core Factor Table)

简短解释：命名用户 plus 是访问数据库的每个个人和/或设备。
您可以购买每个处理器许可证或每个指定用户，选择一个更适合您的许可证（小心处理器许可证 - Oracle 有一些计算处理器内核的公式 - 查看价格表和Oracle 处理器内核系数表）

Regarding APC-s answer - all Intel and AMD chips have core factor 0.5 - meaning 1 processor license per 2 cores.

关于 APC-s 的答案 - 所有 Intel 和 AMD 芯片的核心系数为 0.5 - 这意味着每 2 个核心 1 个处理器许可证。

Development license for Oracle RDBMSproducts states:

Oracle RDBMS产品的开发许可规定：

We grant you a nonexclusive, nontransferable limited license to use the programs only for the purpose of developing, testing, prototyping and demonstrating your application, and not for any other purpose.

我们授予您非排他性、不可转让的有限许可，仅将程序用于开发、测试、原型设计和演示您的应用程序，不得用于任何其他目的。

So, you can download Oracle productand use it for developing, testing, prototyping and demonstrating your application.Well, not really. See below edit.

因此，您可以下载 Oracle 产品并将其用于开发、测试、原型设计和演示您的应用程序。嗯，不是真的。请参阅下面的编辑。

Disclaimer: I am not and have never been Oracle employee or Oracle reseller. Information here is my interpretation of documents freely available on Oracle website. I worked with Oracle products, they are far from perfect, but anyway I don't like misinformations especially if correct information is available.

免责声明：我不是，也从来都不是 Oracle 员工或 Oracle 经销商。这里的信息是我对 Oracle 网站上免费提供的文档的解释。我使用过 Oracle 产品，它们远非完美，但无论如何我不喜欢错误信息，尤其是在正确信息可用的情况下。

Edit:
RE APC's comment:
Yep. You are right. It's restrictive as you wrote in your answer.
I reread license agreement. Few sentences after the one I quoted above says:

编辑：
RE APC 的评论：是的
。你是对的。正如您在答案中所写的那样，这是限制性的。
我重读了许可协议。在我上面引用的那句话之后的几句话说：

The programs may be installed on one computer only, and used by one person in the operating environment identified by us.

这些程序只能安装在一台计算机上，并由一个人在我们指定的操作环境中使用。

So, OTN development licence is practically useless for majority of developers.

因此，OTN 开发许可证对大多数开发人员来说实际上是无用的。